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What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence?

December 10, 2020 by Prasanna

What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence?

Arithmetico-geometric Progression (A.G.P.)

Definition:
The combination of arithmetic and geometric progression is called arithmetico-geometric progression.

nth term of A.G.P.

If a1, a2, a3, ……. an, ..…. is an A.P. and b1, b2, b3, ……. bn, ..…. is a G.P., then the sequence a1b1, a2b2, a3b3, …….., anbn, …….. is said to be an arithmetico-geometric sequence.
Thus, the general form of an arithmetico geometric sequence is a, (a + d)r, (a + 2d)r2, (a + 3d)r3, ………
From the symmetry we obtain that the nth term of this sequence is [a + (n – 1)d]rn–1.
Also, let a, (a + d)r, (a + 2d)r2, (a + 3d)r3, ……… be an arithmetico-geometric sequence.
Then, a, (a + d)r, (a + 2d)r2, (a + 3d)r3, ……… is an arithmetico-geometric series.

Sum of A.G.P.

What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence 1

Method for finding sum

This method is applicable for both sum of n terms and sum of infinite number of terms.
First suppose that sum of the series is S, then multiply it by common ratio of the G.P. and subtract. In this way, we shall get a G.P., whose sum can be easily obtained.

Method of difference

If the differences of the successive terms of a series are in A.P. or G.P., we can find nth term of the series by the following steps :
Step I: Denote the nth term by Tn and the sum of the series upto n terms by Sn.
Step II: Rewrite the given series with each term shifted by one place to the right.
Step III: By subtracting the later series from the former, find Tn.
Step IV: From Tn, Sn can be found by appropriate summation.

Example : Consider the series 1+ 3 + 6 + 10 + 15 +…..to n terms. Here differences between the successive terms are 3 – 1, 6 – 3, 10 – 6, 15 – 10, …….i.e., 2, 3, 4, 5,…… which are in A.P. This difference could be in G.P. also. Now let us find its sum:
What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence 2

Miscellaneous series

Special series

(1) Sum of first n natural numbers
What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence 3
(2) Sum of squares of first n natural numbers
What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence 4
(3) Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers
What is Arithmetico–Geometric Sequence 5

Filed Under: Mathematics Tagged With: Arithmetico-geometric Progression, Method for finding sum, Method of difference, Miscellaneous series, nth term of A.G.P.

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