Section -1 [40 Marks]<\/strong> Question 1. (ii) The organic compound which undergoes substitution reaction is : (iii) The electrolysis of acidified water is an example of: (iv) The IUPAC name of dimethyl ether is: (v) The catalyst used in the Contact Process is : (b) Give one word or a phrase for the following statements: [5] (c) Write a balanced chemical equation for each of the following : [5] (d) (i) Give the IUPAC name for each of the following: [5] (e) State one relevant observation for each of the following : [5] (f) Give a reason for each of the following: [5] (g) Name the gas that is produced in each of the following cases : [5] (h) Fill up the blanks with the correct choice given in brackets. [5] Section-II [40 Marks]<\/strong> Question 2. (b) In Period 3 of the Periodic Table, element B is placed to the left of element A. [3] (c) Copy and complete the following table which refers to the conversion of ions to neutral particles. Question 3. (b) (i) Name the acid used for the preparation of hydrogen chloride gas in the laboratory. Why is this particular acid preferred to other acids ? [3] (c) For the preparation of hydrochloric acid in the laboratory : [2] (d) For the electro-refining of copper [2] Question 4. (b) Aluminium carbide reacts with water according to the following equation: [4] (c) (i) If 150 cc of gas A contains X molecules, how many molecules of gas B will be present in 75 cc of B ? [2] (d) Name the main component of the following alloys : [2] Question 5. (b) (i) Name the most common ore of the metal aluminum from which the metal is extracted. Write the chemical formula of the ore. [4] Question 6. (i) Identify Y and Z. (b) Ethane bums in oxygen to form CO2<\/sub> and H2<\/sub>O according to the equation . (ii) 2 vol. of ethane requires 7 volumes of oxygen (c) Three solutions P, Q and R have pH value of 3.5, 5.2 and 12.2 respectively. Which one of these is a : Question 7.
\n(Attempt ALL questions from this Section)<\/p>\n
\n(a) Choose the correct answer from the options given below : [5]
\n(i) The salt solution which does not react with ammonium hydroxide is :
\n(A) Calcium Nitrate
\n(B) Zinc Nitrate
\n(C) Lead Nitrate
\n(D) Copper Nitrate
\nAnswer:
\n(A) Calcium Nitrate<\/p>\n
\n(A) C2<\/sub>H2<\/sub>
\n(B) C2<\/sub>H4<\/sub>
\n(C) C10<\/sub>H18<\/sub>
\n(D) C2<\/sub>H6<\/sub>
\nAnswer:
\n(D) C2<\/sub>H6<\/sub><\/p>\n
\n(A) Reduction
\n(B) Oxidation
\n(C) Redox reaction
\n(D) Synthesis
\nAnswer:
\n(C) Redox reaction<\/p>\n
\n(A) Ethoxy methane
\n(B) Methoxy methane
\n(C) Methoxy ethane
\n(D) Ethoxy ethane
\nAnswer:
\n(B) Methoxy methane<\/p>\n
\n(A) Copper
\n(B) Iron
\n(C) Vanadium pentoxide
\n(D) Manganese dioxide
\nAnswer:
\n(C) Vanadium pentoxide<\/p>\n
\n(i) The energy released when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous isolated atom to form a negatively charged ion.
\n(ii) Process of formation of ions from molecules which are not in ionic state.
\n(iii) The tendency of an element to form chains of identical atoms.
\n(iv) The property by which certain hydrated salts, when left exposed to atmosphere, lose their water of crystallization and crumble into powder.
\n(v) The process by which sulphide ore is concentrated.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Electron affinity
\n(ii) Ionisation
\n(iii) Catenation
\n(iv) Efflorescence
\n(v) Froth floatation process.<\/p>\n
\n(i) Action of concentrated sulphuric acid on carbon.
\n(ii) Reaction of sodium hydroxide solution with iron (III) chloride solution.
\n(iii) Action of heat on aluminium hydroxide.
\n(iv) Reaction of zinc with potassium hydroxide solution.
\n(v) Action of dilute hydrochloric acid on magnesium sulphite.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) C + 2H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> \u2192 2H2<\/sub>O + 2SO2\u2191 + CO2<\/sub>\u2191
\n(ii) FeCl3<\/sub> + 3NaOH \u2192 Fe(OH)3<\/sub> + 3Nacl
\n(iii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-2.png\")
\n(iv) Zn + 2KOH\u00a0 \u2192 K2<\/sub>ZnO2<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>O
\n(v) MgSO3<\/sub> + 2HCl \u2192 MgCl2 <\/sub>+ H2<\/sub>O + SO2<\/sub>\u2191<\/p>\n
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-3.png\")
\n(ii) Write the structural formula of the two isomers of butane.
\nAnswer:
\n(1) Methanal
\n(2) Propanol
\n(3) But-2-ene
\n(ii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-4.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(i) Lead nitrate solution is treated with sodium hydroxide solution drop wise till it is in excess.
\n(ii) At the anode, when molten lead bromide is electrolyzed using graphite electrodes.
\n(iii) Lead nitrate solution is mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid and heated.
\n(iv) Anhydrous calcium chloride is exposed to air for sometime.
\n(v) Barium chloride solution is slowly added to sodium sulphate solution.
\nAnswer:
\n(i)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-5.png\")
\nWhen drop by drop of sodium hydroxide is added, chalky white precipitates appear. These precipitates dissolve in excess of sodium hydroxide forming sodium plumbite.
\n(ii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-6.png\")
\nAt Anode
\n2Br– <\/sup>– 2e–<\/sup> \u2192 2Br
\nBr+Br \u2192 Br2<\/sub>\u2191
\nAt anode reddish vapours of bromine escape in air from lead bromide.
\n(iii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-7.png\")
\nWhite precipitates of lead chloride are formed which are soluble in hot water and insoluble in cold water.
\n(iv) Anhydrous calcium chloride absorbs moisture becomes moist and loose its crystalline form showing its deliquescent nature.
\n(v) BaCl2<\/sub>+Na2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> \u2192 BaSO4<\/sub>+2NaCl<\/p>\n
\n(i) Ionic compounds have a high melting point.
\n(ii) Inert gases do not form ions.
\n(iii) Ionisation potential increases across a period, from left to right.
\n(iv) Alkali metals are good reducing agents.
\n(v) Conductivity of dilute hydrochloric acid is greater than that of acetic acid.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Ionic compounds have ions held strongly by electrostatic forces of attraction. These strong forces need more energy to be broken apart. Hence, they have high melting point.
\n(ii) Inert gases do not form ions because they have completely filled octet. They are extremely stable. Hence, they neither loose, nor gain electrons.
\n(iii) As we move from left to right along a period, the atomic size decreases due to the increase in nuclear charge thus more energy is required to remove the electron, hence ionisation potential increase.
\n(iv) Alkali metals have free electrons. They can easily loose electrons to form positive ions. The loss of electron is known as oxidation and the substance\/element that lose electrons is said to be reducing agent.
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-8.png\")
\n(v) Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. It splits to give more hydrogen ions as compared to acetic acid. Hence conductivity of dilute hydrochloric acid is more than that of acetic acid.<\/p>\n
\n(i) Sulphur is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid.
\n(ii) Action of dilute hydrochloric acid on sodium sulphide.
\n(iii) Action of cold and dilute nitric acid on copper.
\n(iv) At the anode during the electrolysis of acidified water.
\n(v) Reaction of ethanol and sodium.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Nitrogen dioxide
\n(ii) hydrogen sulphide
\n(iii) nitrogen monoxide
\n(iv) oxygen
\n(v) hydrogen<\/p>\n
\n(i) Ionic or electrovalent compounds do not conduct electricity in their …………………. state. (fused\/solid)
\n(ii) Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution will form …………………. at the cathode. (hydrogen gas\/sodium metal)
\n(iii) Dry hydrogen chloride gas can be collected by …………………. displacement of air. (downward\/upward)
\n(iv) The most common ore of iron is …………………. .(calomine \/ haematite)
\n(v) The salt prepared by the method of direct combination is ………………….. (iron (II) chloride \/ iron (III) chloride)
\nAnswer:
\n(i) fused
\n(ii) hydrogen gas
\n(iii) upward
\n(iv) haematite
\n(v) Iron (III) chloride<\/p>\n
\n(Attempt any four questions from this Section)<\/p>\n
\n(a) (i) What do you understand by a lone pair of electrons ? [3]
\n(ii) Draw the electron dot diagram of Hydronium ion. (H = 1,O = 8)
\nAnswer:
\n(i) The unshared pair of electron that does not normally take part in a chemical reaction is known as lone pair.
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-9.png\")
\n(ii) Hydronium ion
\nFormation of proton:
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-10.png\")
<\/p>\n
\nOn the basis of this information, choose the correct word from the brackets to complete the following statements:
\n(i) The element B would have (lower\/higher) metallic character than A.
\n(ii) The element A would probably have (lesser\/higher) electron affinity than B.
\n(iii) The element A would have {greater\/smaller) atomic size than B.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Higher
\n(ii) higher
\n(iii) smaller<\/p>\n
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-11.png\")
\nAnswer:
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-12.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(a) (i) Write the balanced chemical equation to prepare ammonia gas in the laboratory by using an alkali. [3]
\n(ii) State why concentrated sulphuric acid is not used for drying ammonia gas.
\n(iii) Why is ammonia gas not collected over water ?
\nAnswer:
\n(i)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-13.png\")
\n(ii) Concentrated sulphuric acid is not used for drying ammonia gas because it reacts with ammonia.
\n2NH3<\/sub> + H2<\/sub>SO4 <\/sub>\u2192 (NH4<\/sub>)2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>
\n(iii) Ammonia is highly soluble gas one volume of water can dissolve 702 volumes of ammonia at 20\u00b0C and at 1 atmospheric pressure. Hence it is not collected over water.<\/p>\n
\n(ii) Write the balanced chemical equation for the laboratory preparation of hydrogen chloride gas.
\nAnswer:
\n(b) (i) Sulphuric acid
\n[It is preferred to other acids because it is non-volatile acid]
\n(ii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-14.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(i) Why is direct absorption of hydrogen chloride gas in water not feasible ?
\n(ii) What arrangement is done to dissolve hydrogen chloride gas in water ?
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Direct absorption of hydrogen chloride gas in water is not feasible as it leads to back
\nsuction.
\n(ii) \u201cInverted funnel arrangement\u201d is done to dissolve hydrogen chloride gas in water.<\/p>\n
\n(i) What is the cathode made up of ?
\n(ii) Write the reaction that takes place at the anode.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Cathode is made-up of thin sheets of pure copper Connected in parallel.
\n(ii) Cu – 2e–<\/sup> \u2192 Cu2+<\/sup>
\nCopper anode undergoes oxidation forming Cu2+<\/sup> ions which pass into the solution.<\/p>\n
\n(a) The percentage composition of a gas is : [2]
\nNitrogen 82.35%, Hydrogen 17.64%
\nFind the empirical formula of the gas. [N = 14, H = 1]
\nAnswer:
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-15.png\")
<\/p>\n
\nAl4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> + 12H2<\/sub>O\u00a0 \u2192 4Al(OH)3<\/sub> + 3CH4<\/sub>
\n(i) What mass of aluminum hydroxide is formed from 12 g of aluminum carbide ?
\n(ii) What volume of methane at s.t.p. is obtained from 12 g of aluminum carbide ?
\n[Relative molecular weight of Al4<\/sub>Cl4<\/sub> = 144; Al(OH)3<\/sub> = 78]
\nAnswer:
\n(i)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-16.png\")
\n144 g of Al4<\/sub>Cl3<\/sub> produce 312 g of Al(OH)3<\/sub>
\n1 g of Al4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> produce \\(\\frac{312}{144} \\) g of Al(OH)3<\/sub>
\n12g of Al4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> produce\u00a0\\(\\frac{312}{144} \\)\u00a0\u00d7 12 = 26 g of Al(OH)3<\/sub>
\n(ii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-17.png\")
\n144 g of Al4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> will produce 67.2 \/ of methane
\n1 g of Al4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> will produce \\(\\frac{67.2}{144}\\) l of methane
\n12 g of Al4<\/sub>C3<\/sub> will produce \\(\\frac{67.2}{144} \\times 12=5.6 g\\)<\/p>\n
\nThe gases A and B all under the same conditions of temperature and pressure.
\n(ii) Name the law on which the above problem is based.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) 150 cc of gas A contain X molecules
\n150 cc of gas B will also contain X molecules
\n75 cc of gas B will contain \\(\\frac{\\mathbf{X}}{2}\\) molecules under the same conditions of temperature and pressure.
\n(ii) Avogadro\u2019s law<\/p>\n
\n(i) Brass
\n(ii) Duralumin Answer.
\nAnswer:
\nBrass \u2192 Copper, zinc and tin
\nDuralumin \u2192 Aluminium, copper, magnesium and manganese<\/p>\n
\n(a) Complete the following table which relates to the homologous series of hydrocarbons.
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-18.png\")
\nAnswer:
\n(A) Alkynes
\n(B) triple bond
\n(C) ethyue
\n(D) Alkane
\n(E) single bond
\n(F) methane<\/p>\n
\n(ii) Name the process by which impure ore of aluminum gets purified by using concentrated solution of an alkali.
\n(in) Write the equation for the formation of aluminum at the cathode during the electrolysis of alumina.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Bauxite (Al2<\/sub>O3.<\/sub>2H2<\/sub>O)
\n(ii) Baeyer\u2019s process
\n(iii)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-19.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(a) A compound X (having vinegar like smell) when treated with ethanol in the presence of the acid Z, gives a compound Y which has a fruity smell. [4]
\nThe reaction is:
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-20.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n(ii) Write the structural formula of X.
\n(iii) Name the above reaction.
\nAnswer:
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-21.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n2C2<\/sub>H6<\/sub> + 7O2\u00a0 <\/sub>\u2192 4CO2<\/sub> + 6H2<\/sub>O
\nIf 1250 cc of oxygen is burnt with 300 cc of ethane.
\nCalculate:
\n(i) the volume of CO2<\/sub> formed.
\n(ii) the volume of unused CO2<\/sub>.
\nAnswer:
\n(i)
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-22.png\")
\n2 vol. of ethane forms 4 volumes of carbon dioxide 4
\n1 vol. of ethane forms \\(\\frac{4}{2}\\) volumes of carbon dioxide.<\/p>\n
\n2 vol. of ethane requires \\( \\frac{7}{2} \\) volumes of oxygen
\n300 cc of ethane requires \\(\\frac{7}{2} \\times 300=1050 \\mathrm{cc}\\)
\nTotal volume of Oxygen = 1250 cc
\nVolume of oxygen used = 1050 cc
\nUnused oxygen =(1250-1050) cc
\n= 200cc<\/p>\n
\n(i) Weak acid?
\n(ii) Strong alkali ?
\nAnswer.
\n(c) P=3.5
\nQ=5.2
\nR= 12.2
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-23.png\")
\n(i) Weak acid = Q
\n(ii) Strong alkah = R<\/p>\n
\n(a) Give a chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of chemicals: [4]
\n(i) Lead nitrate solution and Zinc nitrate solution.
\n(ii) Sodium chloride solution and Sodium nitrate solution.
\nAnswer:
\n(i) Add ammonium hydroxide to the solutions of lead nitrate and zinc nitrate dropwise and then in excess.
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-24.png\")
\n(ii) Add silver nitrate solution to both sodium chloride and sodium nitrate solution and observe.
\n![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-25.png\")
<\/p>\n
![\"ICSE](\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/ICSE-Chemistry-Question-Paper-2018-Solved-for-Class-10-26.png\")