{"id":43231,"date":"2023-03-01T10:00:55","date_gmt":"2023-03-01T04:30:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=43231"},"modified":"2023-03-02T09:41:23","modified_gmt":"2023-03-02T04:11:23","slug":"plus-two-business-studies-chapter-wise-questions-answers-chapter-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/plus-two-business-studies-chapter-wise-questions-answers-chapter-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Plus Two Business Studies Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Principles of Management"},"content":{"rendered":"
Question 1.
\nWhat is the job of \u2018speed boss\u2019 under Functional Foremanship?
\nAnswer:
\nHe supervises matter relating to the speed of work.<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nWho is the father of Modem Management?
\nAnswer:
\nHenry Fayol<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nWhich principle of management suggest that employees should be treated with justice and kindness?
\nAnswer:
\nEquity.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nFayol pointed out the danger and costs of unnecessary labour turnover in one of his principles. Name the principle.
\nAnswer:
\nStability of personnel.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nObedience, respect for authority and observation of established rules is known as
\n(a) Order
\n(b) Discipline
\n(c) Equity
\n(d) Initiative
\nAnswer:
\n(b) Discipline<\/p>\n
Question 6.
\nSystematic concentration of authority at top level is known as
\nAnswer:
\nCentralisation<\/p>\n
Question 7.
\nIdentify the management principle which states that \u2018Union is Strength\u2019.
\nAnswer:
\nEsprit De Corps<\/p>\n
Question 8.
\n\u201cHave a place for everything and everything should be in its place\u201d. Which management principle is referred here?
\nAnswer:
\nOrder<\/p>\n
Question 9.
\nIdentify the management principle which is based on an idea of \u201cone head and one plan\u201d.
\nAnswer:
\nUnity of direction<\/p>\n
Question 10.
\nLack of this principle may lead to conflict among subordinates. Briefly explain this principle of management.
\nAnswer:
\nUnity of command<\/p>\n
Question 11.
\nA factory has three departments – Production, Marketing and Finance. These departments take decisions without mutual understanding and consultation. So conflicts, confusion and duplication are quite common. State which function of management is violated here?
\nAnswer:
\nUnity of direction.<\/p>\n
Question 12.
\nA subordinate receives orders from three senior officers in an organization. Which principle of management is violated here.
\nAnswer:
\nUnity of command<\/p>\n
Question 13.
\nStudy the diagram and mention the shortcut used for direct communication between \u2018D\u2019 and \u2018P\u2019.
\n
\nAnswer:
\nGangplank<\/p>\n
Question 14.
\nIdentify the management principle which promotes specialization.
\nAnswer:
\nDivision of work<\/p>\n
Question 15.
\nThis principle is against the policy of divide and rule. Which principle of Henry Fayol is referred to in this context?
\nAnswer:
\nEsprit de corps<\/p>\n
Question 16.
\nIt is a chain of command from the highest level to the lowest level. It’is called
\nAnswer:
\nScalar Chain.<\/p>\n
Question 17.
\n\u201cWorkers should be encouraged to develop and carry out their plans for development. \u201cIdentify the principle of management formulated by Fayol.
\nAnswer:
\nInitiative.<\/p>\n
Question 18.
\nThe father of scientific management is
\nAnswer:
\nF.W. Tayor.<\/p>\n
Question 19.
\n\u2018She\/he keeps machines, materials, tools, etc., ready for operations by concerned workers\u2019. Whose work is described by this sentence under functional foremanship?
\n(a) Instruction Card Clerk
\n(b) Repair Boss
\n(c) Gang Boss
\n(d) Route Clerk
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Gang Boss<\/p>\n
Question 20.
\nManagement should find \u2018One best way\u2019 to perform a task. Which technique of scientific management is defined in this sentence?
\n(a) Time Study
\n(b) Motion Study
\n(c) Fatigue Study
\n(d) Method Study
\nAnswer:
\n(d) Method Study<\/p>\n
Question 21.
\nFind the odd one.
\n(a) Order
\n(b) Equity
\n(c) Fatigue study
\n(d) Unity of direction
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Fatigue study<\/p>\n
Question 22.
\nThe scientific technique of task setting is known as
\n(a) Method study
\n(b) Motion study
\n(c) Work-study
\n(d) Time study
\nAnswer:
\n(c) Work-study<\/p>\n
Question 23.
\nWhich technique of scientific management gives high compensation to better performer?
\nAnswer:
\nDifferential piece rate system<\/p>\n
Question 24.
\nName the technique of scientific management which focuses on separation of planning and execution function.
\nAnswer:
\nFunctional foremanship.<\/p>\n
Question 25.
\nIt involves the study of movement of operations of a worker. It is
\nAnswer:
\nMotion study<\/p>\n
Question 26.
\nThe change in attitudes of employers and employees towards each other referred to as
\nAnswer:
\nMental revolution<\/p>\n
Question 27.
\nWhich principle of Taylor advocates scientific enquiry as opposed to hit and trail?
\nAnswer:
\nScience; not rule of thumb<\/p>\n
Question 28.
\nTaylor advocated that specialization must be introduced in an organization. He developed a technique for this purpose, which consists of 8 specialist foremen. Identify technique of scientific management referred here.
\nAnswer:
\nFunctional foremanship<\/p>\n
Question 29.
\nComplete the following circle.
\n
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 30.
\nName the personnel who work under the production in charge?
\nAnswer:
\nSpeed Boss, Gang Boss, Repair Boss, and Inspector.<\/p>\n
Question 31.
\nLink column A with B and C.
\n
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 32.
\nMr. Syam, the Production Manager of a firm, instructs Mr. Kiran to produce 50 units of a product per day. Mr. Arun, the Assistant Production Manager, instructs Mr. Kiran to produce 75 units. Which management principle is violated here?
\nAnswer:
\nUnity of command.<\/p>\n
Question 33.
\nFind out the odd one and state the reason.
\n(a) Stability of tenure of personnel.
\n(b) Scientific selection and training of workers.
\n(c) Maximum output.
\n(d) Replacement of old rule of thumb method.
\nAnswer:
\n(a) Stability of tenure of personnel.<\/p>\n
Question 34.
\nMatch the following.
\n
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 35.
\nAvoiding unnecessary efforts, expenses and tools in the factory is called in scientific management.
\nAnswer:
\nSimplification of works.<\/p>\n
Question 1.<\/p>\n
Answer:<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nWhat do you mean by managerial principles?
\nAnswer:
\nManagement principles are statement of fundamental truth which provide guidelines for management decision making and action.<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nDistinguish between unity of command and unity of direction.
\nAnswer:
\n1. Unity of Command:
\nThe principle of unity of command state that each employee should receive orders from one superior only. It helps to avoid confusion and conflict in the employees<\/p>\n
2. Unity of Direction:
\nEach group of activities having the same objective must have one head and one plan. This ensures unity of action and co-ordination.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nWhat is \u2018fatigue study\u2019?
\nAnswer:
\nFatigue study:
\nFatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in completing a task.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nHow does \u2018mental revolution\u2019 helpful ineffective management?
\nAnswer:
\nMental revolution:
\nIt involves a change in the mental attitude of workers and management towards each other. Both parties should realise each other\u2019s importance and work towards the profit of the firm.<\/p>\n
Question 1.
\n\u201cManagement principles are dynamic\u201d. Comment
\nAnswer:
\nManagement principles are dynamic – Management principles are flexible and can be utilized under different conditions of the organizations. They are influenced by the need of the given situation.<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nWhich principle of management is violated in the following situations?<\/p>\n
Answer:<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nMr. Dileep, a newly recruited clerk for accounts department was initially posted in the cash section. After one month he was transferred to supplies section. Again a week later, he was transferred to EDP section.<\/p>\n
Answer:
\n1. Stability of tenure of personnel.<\/p>\n
2. If employees are frequently changed from one job to another, the entire production process will be disturbed. Also, both quantity and quality of work get reduced. Frequent change in job will create job dissatisfaction in employees.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nFayol points out the danger and cost of unnecessary labour turnover in one of these \u2018Principles\u2019. Name & explain the principle.
\nAnswer:
\na. Principle of stability of personnel<\/p>\n
b. Stability of Personnel:
\nAccording to Fayol, workers should not be moved from one job to another frequently. It helps to minimize labour turnover in the organization.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\nHina and Harish are typists in a company. They have the same educational qualifications. Hina is getting Rs. 3000 per month and Harish Rs. 4000 per month as salary for the same working hours. Which principle of management is violated in this case? Name and explain the principle.
\nAnswer:
\nPrinciple of equity:
\nThis principle requires the managers to be kind and just to workers. Superiors should be impartial while dealing with their subordinates.<\/p>\n
Question 6.
\nGroup the following persons coming under Planning incharge and production incharge based on F.W. Taylor\u2019s functional foremanship.
\nGang Boss, Instruction Card Clerk, Inspector, Disciplinarian, Speed Boss, Route Clerk.
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 7.
\nDistinguish between unity of command and unity of direction.
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 1.
\nBriefly explain the nature or features of managerial principles.
\nAnswer:
\nNature of Principles of Management:
\nPrinciples of management are statements of fundamental truth which provides guidelines for management decision making and action. The nature of management principles are:<\/p>\n
1. Universal applicability: Management principles ha\/e universal application in all types of organizations.<\/p>\n
2. General guidelines: The principles are guidelines to action.<\/p>\n
3. Formed by practice and experimentation: The principles of management are formed by experience and experimentation of managers.<\/p>\n
4. Flexible: The principles of management are not rigid. They are flexible and can be modified according to the situation.<\/p>\n
5. Influencing human behaviour: Management principles aim at influencing behaviour of human beings.<\/p>\n
6. Cause and effect relationship: The principles of management establish the relation between the cause and effect.<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nState any 4 points highlighting the importance of principles of management.
\nAnswer:
\n1. Increase efficiency:
\nThe understanding of the management principles provides guidelines to the managers for handling effectively the complex problems.<\/p>\n
2. Optimum utilization of resources:
\nThe principles of management helps in the optimum utilization of resources through division of work, delegation of authority, etc.<\/p>\n
3. Scientific decision:
\nManagement principles help in thoughtful decision-making. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudices.<\/p>\n
4. Meeting the changing environmental requirements:
\nManagement principles are flexible and can be modified to meet changing requirements of environment.<\/p>\n
5. Fulfilling social responsibility:
\nManagement principles help the managers to fulfill the social responsibilities towards society.<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nIf we follow the principle of scalar chain strictly, there is a possibility of unnecessary delay in communication.<\/p>\n
Answer:
\nGang Plank:
\nAccording to the concept of gangplank persons of the same rank can communicate with each other especially in emergency situations. It helps to save a lot of time in communication and possibility of distortion of messages can be reduced.
\n<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nWhat contradiction do you find in the principle of unity of command and the technique of functional foremanship?
\nAnswer:
\nIn case of unity of command, every employee receives instructions from one boss only and he is responsible and accountable to him alone. In case of functional foremanship, every worker receives instructions from eight losses, four from planning department and four from production department. In this way, unity of command stresses on centralisation and functional foremanship on decentralization.<\/p>\n
Question 5.
\n\u201cProper understanding of management principles makes the managers more realistic in their profession.\u201d Explain the concept.
\nAnswer:
\nSignificance of the Principles of Management
\n1. Increase efficiency:
\nThe understanding of the management principles provides guidelines to the managers for handling effectively the complex problems.<\/p>\n
2. Optimum utilization of resources:
\nThe principles of management helps in the optimum utilization of resources through division of work, delegation of authority, etc.<\/p>\n
3. Scientific decision:
\nManagement principles help in thoughtful decision-making. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudices.<\/p>\n
4. Meeting the changing environmental requirements:
\nManagement principles are flexible and can be modified to meet changing requirements of environment.<\/p>\n
5. Fulfilling social responsibility:
\nManagement principles help the managers to fulfill the social responsibilities towards society.<\/p>\n
Question 6.
\nHenry Fayol is of the opinion that \u2018workers should not be shifted from their job position frequently\u2019.<\/p>\n
Answer:
\n1. Stability of personnel<\/p>\n
2. Nature of Principles of Management:
\nPrinciples of management are statements of fundamental truth which provides guidelines for management decision making and action. The nature of management principles are:<\/p>\n
1. Universal applicability: Management principles ha\/e universal application in all types of organizations.<\/p>\n
2. General guidelines: The principles are guidelines to action.<\/p>\n
3. Formed by practice and experimentation: The principles of management are formed by experience and experimentation of managers.<\/p>\n
4. Flexible: The principles of management are not rigid. They are flexible and can be modified according to the situation.<\/p>\n
5. Influencing human behavior: Management principles aim at influencing behavior of human beings.<\/p>\n
6. Cause and effect relationship: The principles of management establish the relation between the cause and effect.<\/p>\n
Question 7.
\nComplete the diagram.
\nAnswer:
\n<\/p>\n
Question 1.
\nMr. Arioop, a supervisor has been instructed to produce 100 units Jer day in a factory while the marketing manager instructs to produce 120 units per day in order to meet the demand.<\/p>\n
Answer:
\n1. Unity of command
\n2. The violation of this principle will have the following consequences:<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nExplain the characteristics of Management Principles.
\nAnswer:
\nNature of Principles of Management:
\nPrinciples of management are statements of fundamental truth which provides guidelines for management decision making and action.
\nThe nature of management principles are:<\/p>\n
1. Universal applicability: Management principles ha\/e universal application in all types of organizations.<\/p>\n
2. General guidelines: The principles are guidelines to action.<\/p>\n
3. Formed by practice and experimentation: The principles of management are formed by experience and experimentation of managers.<\/p>\n
4. Flexible: The principles of management are not rigid. They are flexible and can be modified according to the situation.<\/p>\n
5. Influencing human behavior: Management principles aim at influencing behaviour of human beings.<\/p>\n
6. Cause and effect relationship: The principles of management establish the relation between the cause and effect.<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nGive a short note on importance of management principles.
\nAnswer:
\nSignificance of the Principles of Management
\n1. Increase efficiency:
\nThe understanding of the management principles provides guidelines to the managers for handling effectively the complex problems.<\/p>\n
2. Optimum utilization of resources:
\nThe principles of management helps in the optimum utilization of resources through division of work, delegation of authority, etc.<\/p>\n
3. Scientific decision:
\nManagement principles help in thoughtful decision-making. Such decisions are free from bias and prejudices.<\/p>\n
4. Meeting the changing environmental requirements:
\nManagement principles are flexible and can be modified to meet changing requirements of environment.<\/p>\n
5. Fulfilling social responsibility:
\nManagement principles help the managers to fulfill the social responsibilities towards society.<\/p>\n
Question 4.
\nDiscuss the techniques and methods developed by Taylor.
\nAnswer:
\nTechniques of Scientific Management
\n1. Functional foremanship:
\nFunctional foremanship is a technique in which planning and execution are separated. He classified 8 specialist foremen into two departments viz. Planning and Production department. Both departments have four foremen each. Functional foremanship is based on the principle of division of work.
\n<\/p>\n
2. Standardisation and simplification of work:
\nStandardisation refers to the process of setting standards for every business activity. It includes use of standard tools and equipment, methods, working conditions, etc. for the maximisation of output. Simplification aims at eliminating unnecessary diversity of products. -It results in savings of cost of labour, machines, and tools.<\/p>\n
3. Method study:
\nThe objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job. The main objective is to minimize the cost of production and maximize the.quality of the work.<\/p>\n
4. Motion study:
\nMotion study involves close observation of the movements of the workers and machines to perform a particular job. It helps to eliminate unnecessary movements of men, materials, and machine.<\/p>\n
5. Time study:
\nIt determines the standard time taken to perform a well-defined job. The objective of time study is to determine the number of workers to be employed, frame suitable incentive schemes and determine labour costs.<\/p>\n
6. Fatigue study:
\nFatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in completing a task.<\/p>\n
7. Differential piece wage system:
\nUnder this system of wage payment, two kinds of rates are laid down.<\/p>\n
8. Mental revolution:
\nIt involves a change in the mental attitude of workers and management towards each other. Both the parties should realise each other\u2019s importance and work towards the profit of the firm.<\/p>\n
Question 1.
\nPrepare a seminar report showing all the principles of management suggested by Henry Fayol.
\nAnswer:
\nFayol\u2019s Principles of Management:
\nHenry Fayol (1841-1925) is known as the \u2018Father of General Management\u2019. The 14 principles of management given by him are:
\n1. Division of Work:
\nThis principle states that a complex work should be divided into small tasks, and each task should be assigned a particular employee. Division of work leads to specialization.<\/p>\n
2. Authority and Responsibility:
\nAuthority is the right to give orders to the subordinates and responsibility is the obligation to perform the work in the mannerdirected by authority. There should be a balance between authority and responsibility.<\/p>\n
3. Discipline:
\nit is the obedience to organizational rules and employment agreement which are necessary for working of the organization.<\/p>\n
4. Unity of Command:
\nThe principle of unity of command statej that each employee should receive orders ffom one superior only. It helps to avoid confusion and conflict in the employees.<\/p>\n
5. Unity of Direction:
\nEach group of activities having the same objective must have one head and one plan. This ensures unity of action and co-ordination.<\/p>\n
6. Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest:
\nThe Interest of an organization should take priority over the interests of any one individual employee.<\/p>\n
7. Remuneration of Employees:
\nRemuneration should be just, equitable and fair to both employees and the organization.<\/p>\n
8. Centralization and Decentralization:
\nCentralisation means concentration of authority at the top management. Decentralisation means dispersal of authority to the lower levels in the organisation. There should be a balance between Centralisation and decentralization.<\/p>\n
9. Scalar Chain:
\nThe formal lines of authority from highest to lowest ranks are known as scalar chain. According to this principle, communication should passthrough the established chain of command. It ensures unity of command and effective communication.<\/p>\n
Gang Plank:
\nAccording to the concept of gang plank persons of the same rank can cprnmunicate with each other especially in emergency situations. It helps to save a lot of time in communication and possibility of distortion of messages can be reduced.<\/p>\n
10. Order:
\nAccording to Fayol, \u201cPeople and materials must be in suitable places at appropriate time for maximum efficiency.\u201d<\/p>\n
11. Equity:
\nThis principle requires the managers to be kind and just to workers. Superiors should be impartial while dealing with their subordinates.<\/p>\n
12. Stability of Personnel:
\nAccording to Fayol, workers should not be moved from one job to another frequently. It helps to minimise labour tumoverin the organization.<\/p>\n
13. Initiative:
\nWorkers should be encouraged to develop and carry out their plans for improvements. Maximum kpuKishcrs<\/p>\n
14. Espirit De Corps (Union is strength):
\nAccording to Fayol, Management should promote a team spirit of unity and harmony among employees.<\/p>\n
Question 2.<\/p>\n
Answer:
\n1. Taylor\u2019s Scientific Management:
\nFredrick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) is known as the Father of Scientific Management. His book \u2018Principles of Scientific Management\u2019was published in 1911.
\nIn the words of Taylor, \u201cScientific management means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way\u201d.<\/p>\n
2. Principles:<\/p>\n
1. Principles of Scientific Management
\na. Science and not the rule of thumb :
\nThe first principle of scientific management requires scientific study and analysis of each element of job in orderto replace old rule of thumb approach.<\/p>\n
b. Harmony, not discord:
\nAs per this principle, there should be complete harmony between the management and workers. Taylor called for complete mental revolution on the part of both management and workers. Both the parties should realize each other\u2019s importance and work towards the profits of the firm.<\/p>\n
c. Co-operation not individualism:
\nThere should be complete co-operation between the labour and the management instead of individualism. According to Taylor, there should be an almost equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management.<\/p>\n
d. Development of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity:
\nThe growth and development of an organisation depends on the efficiency and prosperity of employees. The efficiency of employees can be developed by giving propertraining and development. This ensure the growth of an organisation.<\/p>\n
2. Techniques of Scientific Management
\na. Functional foremanship:
\nFunctional foremanship is a technique in which planning and execution are separated. He classified 8 specialist foremen into two departments viz. Planning and Production department. Both departments have four foremen each. Functional foremanship is based on the principle of division of work.
\n<\/p>\n
b. Standardisation and simplification of work:
\nStandardisation refers to the process of setting standards for every business activity. It includes use of standard tools and equipment, methods, working conditions, etc. for the maximisation of output. Simplification aims at eliminating unnecessary diversity of products. -It results in savings of cost of labour, machines, and tools.<\/p>\n
c. Method study:
\nThe objective of method study is to find out one best way of doing the job. The main objective is to minimize the cost of production and maximize the.quality of the work.<\/p>\n
d. Motion study:
\nMotion study involves close observation of the movements of the workers and machines to perform a particular job. It helps to eliminate unnecessary movements of men, materials, and machine.<\/p>\n
e. Time study:
\nIt determines the standard time taken to perform a well-defined job. The objective of time study is to determine the number of workers to be employed, frame suitable incentive schemes and determine labour costs.<\/p>\n
f. Fatigue study:
\nFatigue study seeks to determine the amount and frequency of rest intervals in completing a task.<\/p>\n
g. Differential piece wage system:
\nUnder this system of wage payment, two kinds of rates are laid down.<\/p>\n
h. Mental revolution:
\nIt involves a change in the mental attitude of workers and management towards each other. Both parties should realise each other\u2019s importance and work towards the profit of the firm.<\/p>\n
Kerala Plus Two Business Studies Chapter Wise Questions and Answers Chapter 2 Principles of Management Plus Two Business Studies Principles of Management One Mark Questions and Answers Question 1. What is the job of \u2018speed boss\u2019 under Functional Foremanship? Answer: He supervises matter relating to the speed of work. Question 2. Who is the father […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[42728],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n