{"id":40432,"date":"2024-02-19T08:19:32","date_gmt":"2024-02-19T02:49:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=40432"},"modified":"2024-02-19T12:50:18","modified_gmt":"2024-02-19T07:20:18","slug":"plus-one-botany-chapter-wise-previous-questions-chapter-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/plus-one-botany-chapter-wise-previous-questions-chapter-9\/","title":{"rendered":"Plus One Botany Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 9 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kerala Plus One Botany Chapter Wise Previous Questions Chapter 9 Photosynthesis in Higher Plants<\/h2>\n

Question 1.
\nLabel the marked parts in the given diagram of a chloroplast. (MARCH-2010)<\/span>
\n\"Plus
\nAnswer:
\n1) Grana
\n2) Stroma thylakoid<\/p>\n

Question 2.
\nComment on the speciality of carbon fixation in some plants adapted to dry tropical regions. What are the anatomical peculiarities of the leaves of these plants?\u00a0(MARCH-2010)<\/span>
\nOR
\nComment on the differences between cycle photophosphorylation and noncyclic photophosphorylation. Which among the two is responsible for the production of oxygen in photosynthesis.
\nAnswer:
\nThese plants (C4<\/sub>) show efficient photosynthesis due to the absence of photorespiration.
\nIn this type primary C02<\/sub> fixation takes place in mesophyll chloroplast and secondary C02<\/sub> fixation takes place in bundle sheath chloroplast. The latter C02<\/sub> fixation results carbohydrate (glucose)
\nThey shows special type of leaf anatomy called Kranz anatomy.
\nOR
\n\"Plus<\/p>\n

Question 3.
\nAs a part of experiment to study the influence of light on carbohydrates synthesis, a potted plant was kept in light for some time and then it was transferred to dark room. (SAY-2010)<\/span>
\na) It was observed that carbohydrate production continued for some time and came to a halt. Suggest reason for this phenomenon.
\nb) What would happen to carbohydrate production if the same plant is again transferred back to light?
\nAnswer:
\na) ATP & NADPH2<\/sub> are used for synthesis of sugar.
\nb) Starts the synthesis of carbohydrate.<\/p>\n

Question 4.
\nCalvin, Benson and others found that during photosynthesis the first stable product in sugar formation is 3- phosphoglyceric acid, while Hatch and slack showed that it is oxaloacetic acid. Comment on these contradicting observation.\u00a0(SAY-2010)<\/span>
\nAnswer:
\nCalvin and others – 3 PGA is the first stable compound in 3<\/sub> plants
\nHatch & slack – OAA is the first stable compound in C4<\/sub> plants.<\/p>\n

Question 5.
\nGiven below are the scientific terms related to photosynthesis. Classify them in appropriate manner in the given table.\u00a0(SAY-2010)<\/span>
\nRUBISCO, Rice plant , C02<\/sub>, Maize plant, Oxalo acetic acid, 3 -PGA,PEP case.
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
SI.<\/p>\n

No.<\/td>\n

C3<\/sub> plant<\/td>\nC4<\/sub> plant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1. .<\/td>\nRUBISCO<\/td>\nRUBISCO\/ PEP case<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.<\/td>\nC02<\/sub><\/td>\nC02<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.<\/td>\n3 – PGA<\/td>\nOxaloacetic acid (OAA)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.<\/td>\nRice plant<\/td>\nMaize plant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Question 6.
\nCalvin and his co-worksers worked out the whole pathway of C02<\/sub> fixation and showed that the pathway is operated in a cyclic manner\u00a0(MARCH-2011)<\/span>
\na) Draw this cycle using the given terms in the correct order. 3 phosphoglycerate, Regeneration,Carboxylation, Triose phosphate, Reduction, Ribulose, 1,5 biphosphate, C02<\/sub>, Sucrose.
\nb) Write the name of the primary Co2<\/sub> acceptor in the Calvin cycle.
\nc) Write the number of carbon atoms in the first C02<\/sub> fixation product in the Calvin cycle.
\nOR
\nPigments in plants are organized into two photo-chemical light harvesting complexes.
\na) Name the reaction center of PS-1 and write its absorption peak.
\nb) Name the reaction center of PS-11 amd wrote ots absorption peak.
\nc) Explain noncyclic photophosphorylation giving reasons for the naming of the phenomenon, with the help of a diagram
\nAnswer:
\na)
\n\"Plus
\nb) RUBP (Ribulose Biphosphate)
\nc) 3-phosphoglycerate (3 carbon)
\nOR
\na) P700<\/sub> – Peak is 700nm
\nb) P680<\/sub> – Peak is 680nm
\nc)
\n\"Plus
\nThe schematic representation showing z-scheme.<\/p>\n

Question 7.
\nDuring photosynthetic C02<\/sub> fixation certain plants, produce PGA as first stable product. Name such plants. Who reported the pathway? What is the enzyme for carboxylation? Name the molecule which accepts C02<\/sub> in such plants.\u00a0(SAY-2011)<\/span>
\nAnswer:
\nC3<\/sub> plant, Melvin Calvin, RUBISCO, RUBP<\/p>\n

Question 8.
\nGiven diagram is the chemiosmotic hypothesis of ATP formation during light reaction. Complete the numbered places.\u00a0(SAY-2011)<\/span>
\n\"Plus
\nAnswer:
\n1) NADPH
\n2) F1<\/sub>
\n3) ADP
\n4) ATP<\/p>\n

Question 9.
\nAn anatomist observed a peculiar type of large spherical bundle sheath cells in sugarcane leaf and a physiologist identified the presence of PEP carboxylase in that leaf mesophyll.\u00a0(MARCH-2012)<\/span>
\na) Name the peculiar leaf anatomy.
\nb) Explain the physiological advantages of such type of plants.
\nAnswer:
\na) Kranz anatomy
\nb) 1. Tolerate high temperature.
\n2. Response to high light intensities.
\n3. Photorespiration does not occure
\n4. Greater productivity and yield<\/p>\n

Question 10.
\nPhotorespiration is a curse to plants\u2019.\u00a0(MARCH-2012)<\/span>
\na) Evaluate this statement.
\nb) Find the reason for this event to take place.
\nAnswer:
\na) In photo respiration neither synthesis of sugar nor ATP takes place. But release of Co2 with the utilization of ATP occurs. Photosynthetically fixed carbon is lost, no synthesis of ATP or NADPH. It is a wasteful process.
\nb) In C3<\/sub> plants, Oxygen bind to RuBisco and hence Co2<\/sub> fixation is decreased. Here, Kranz anatomy is noy present<\/p>\n

Question 11.
\nLight reaction and dark reaction are the two stages of photosynthesis.\u00a0(SAY-2012)<\/span>
\na) Where does light reaction occurs?
\nb) What are its end products?
\nc) Comment on their roles in dark reaction.
\nAnswer:
\na) Thylakoid or Grana
\nb) NADPH2<\/sub>, ATP & 02<\/sub>
\nc) NADPH2<\/sub> – used in reduction of 3 PGA or conversion of Co2<\/sub> to sugar or glucose or food.<\/p>\n

Question 12.
\nC4<\/sub> plants are adapted to overcome a wasteful process found in C3<\/sub> plants and hence productivity and yields are better in these plants.\u00a0(MARCH-2013)<\/span>
\na) Name the wasteful process found in C3<\/sub> plants.
\nb) Identify the cells involved in the C4<\/sub> pathway.
\nc) Write any two differences between C4<\/sub> plants and C4<\/sub> plants.
\nAnswer:
\npa) photorespiration
\nb) Mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplast
\nc) In C3<\/sub> plants the primary C02<\/sub> acceptor is RUBP and the first stable product formed is 3PGA
\nIn C4<\/sub> plants the primary C02<\/sub> acceptor is PEP and the first stable product formed is OAA<\/p>\n

Question 13.
\nLight reaction is otherwise called photophosphorylation.\u00a0(MARCH-2013)<\/span>
\na) Justify the statement.
\nb) Locate the site of this reaction.
\nc) Write any two differences between cyclic photophosphorylation and non-cyclic photophosphorylation.
\nAnswer:
\na) It is the addition of inorganic phosphate with ADP and forms ATP in the presence of light
\nb) It occurs in the grana of chloroplast
\nc) In cyclic photophosphorylation PSI is functional and electron flow is cyclic but in non-cyclic photophosphorylation PSI and PSII are functional and electron flow is in noncyclic manner.<\/p>\n

Question 14.
\nChlorophyll contain a metallic element.\u00a0(SAY-2013)<\/span>
\na) Name the metallic element.
\nb) Mention any one deficiency symptom of that element.
\nAnswer:
\na) Magnesium
\nb)Chlorosis<\/p>\n

Question 15.
\nLight reaction of photosynthensis is divided into two processes. In one process the electrons emitted will return to the place from where it is emitted.\u00a0(SAY-2013)<\/span>
\na) What are the names of these two processes?
\nb) What happens to the electrons in the second phase?
\nc) Explain it with schematic representation.
\nAnswer:
\na) cyclic and non cyclic photophosphorylation
\nb) Electrons starts from a point but never return back. Hence such transport is non cyclic.
\n\"Plus
\nThe Z-scheme associated with photolysis of water release electrons and protons. Electrons reaches PS II and it is emitted from PS II. Then electrons accepted by electron acceptor. Then passes through series of electron acceptors and finally reaches PSI. Electron emitted from PSI and proton coming from water combines with NADP and forms reduced coenzyme NADPH2<\/sub><\/p>\n

Question 16.
\nRu Bis Co is an enxyme that catalysis two entirely different processes.\u00a0(SAY-2013)<\/span>
\na) Which are the processes?
\nb) In which process chloroplast alone is used as cell organelle?
\nc) Label the parts A, B, C, D of the given diagram.
\nAnswer:
\na) C3<\/sub> pathway and photorespiration
\nb) C3<\/sub> pathway
\nc)
\n\"Plus
\nB – Grana
\nC – Stroma
\nD – Starch Granul<\/p>\n

Question 17.
\nPlants that are adapted to dry tropical regions have a special type of C02<\/sub> fixation in addition to the C3<\/sub> cycle.\u00a0(MARCH-2014)<\/span>
\na) Name this pathway.
\nb) Can you identify any speciality in the leaf anatomy of such plants? If so, what is this anatomy called?
\nc) Which is the primary C02<\/sub> acceptor in this pathway?
\nd) Write any one advantage of such plants over C3<\/sub> plants.
\nAnswer:
\na) C4<\/sub> pathway
\nb) yes, Kranz anatomy
\nc) Phospho enol pyruvic acid (PEP)
\nd) They are photosynthetically efficient than C3<\/sub> plants<\/p>\n

Question 18.
\nThe use of radioactive C14<\/sup> by Melvin Calvin in algal photosynthesis studies led to the discovery of C02<\/sub> fixation in greenplants.\u00a0(MARCH-2014)<\/span>
\na) Identify the first stable product in this C02<\/sub> fixation cycle.
\nb) Which are the three main stages of this cycle?
\nc) Name the enzyme which catalyzes the first stage of this cycle.
\nd) Work out how many ATP and NADPH molecules will be required to make one molecule of glucose.
\nAnswer:
\na) 3-phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
\nb) Carboxylation, Reduction and Regeneration of RUBP
\nc) RUBISCO
\nd) 12NADPH2<\/sub>,18ATPs<\/p>\n

Question 19.
\nC4<\/sub> cycle is so called because of the presence of a C4 <\/sub> acid.\u00a0(SAY-2014)<\/span>
\na) Name the C4<\/sub> acid
\nb) Name the leaf anatomy present in C4<\/sub> plants.
\nAnswer:
\na) Oxalo acetic acid
\nb) Kranz anatomy<\/p>\n

Question 20.
\nThe light reaction of photosynthesis is divided into two reactions. They are cyclic and noncyclic\u00a0 photophosphorylation. Mention any three differences between cyclic and noncyclic reactions\u00a0(SAY-2014)<\/span>
\nAnswer:
\n\"Plus<\/p>\n

Question 21.
\nThere is a clear division of labour within the chloroplast. Substantiate the given statement with an explanation stating two points.\u00a0(MARCH-2015)<\/span>
\nOR
\nPhotosynthesis can be considered as the most significant physicochemical process on earth. Evaluate this statement citing any two significances.
\nAnswer:
\nIn grana ATP and NADPH2 are produced.
\nIn stroma dark reaction leads to carbohydrate formation
\nOR
\nPhotsynthesis helps in the preparation of food Light energy is converted into chemical energy and stored in carbohydrate molecules<\/p>\n

Question 22.
\nC4<\/sub> plants have special features. List out any four specialities of C4<\/sub> plants compared to C3<\/sub> plants.\u00a0(MARCH-2015)<\/span>
\nAnswer:<\/p>\n