{"id":24761,"date":"2018-05-30T11:36:04","date_gmt":"2018-05-30T11:36:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=24761"},"modified":"2020-10-16T16:54:38","modified_gmt":"2020-10-16T11:24:38","slug":"icse-solutions-for-class-9-geography-geographic-grid-latitudes-and-longitudes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/icse-solutions-for-class-9-geography-geographic-grid-latitudes-and-longitudes\/","title":{"rendered":"ICSE Solutions for Class 9 Geography – Geographic Grid: Latitudes and Longitudes"},"content":{"rendered":"
ICSE Solutions<\/a>Selina ICSE Solutions<\/a>ML Aggarwal Solutions<\/a><\/p>\n Exercises<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n I. Short Answer Questions<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/strong><\/span> Question 2.<\/strong><\/span> Question 3.<\/strong><\/span> Question 4.<\/strong><\/span> (a)<\/strong> The lines of latitude are parallel to the equator. Question 5.<\/strong><\/span> Question 6.<\/strong><\/span> Question 7.<\/strong><\/span> Question 8.<\/strong><\/span> (a)<\/strong> Tropic of Cancer \u2014 23 1\/2\u00b0N Question 9.<\/strong><\/span> Question 10.<\/strong><\/span> Question 11.<\/strong><\/span> Question 12.<\/strong><\/span> Question 13.<\/strong><\/span> Question 14.<\/strong><\/span> Question 15.<\/strong><\/span> Question 16.<\/strong><\/span> II. Give reasons for each of the following<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/strong><\/span> Question 2.<\/strong><\/span> Question 3.<\/strong><\/span> Question 4.<\/strong><\/span> Question 5.<\/strong><\/span> Question 6.<\/strong><\/span> III. Long Answer Questions\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/strong><\/span> Question 2.<\/strong><\/span> (a)<\/strong> It is meaning and application. Answer:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n (a)<\/strong> The time and date changes as we cross the International Date Line i.e. the navigators or pilots have to loose one day while crossing westwards and gain one day while crossing eastwards i.e. When one travels from Tokyo to San Francisco on Monday, he will reach San Francisco on Sunday. Question 3.<\/strong><\/span> Question 4.<\/strong><\/span> IV. Problem Solving<\/strong><\/p>\n An Example:<\/strong> Answer the following questions<\/strong><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/strong><\/span> Question 2.<\/strong><\/span> Question 3.<\/strong><\/span> Question 4.<\/strong><\/span> Question 5.<\/strong><\/span> Question 6.<\/strong><\/span> Question 7.<\/strong><\/span> Practice Questions (Solved)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Question 1.<\/strong><\/span> Question 2.<\/strong><\/span> Question 3.<\/strong><\/span> Question 4.<\/strong><\/span> Question 5.<\/strong><\/span> Question 6.<\/strong><\/span> Question 7.<\/strong><\/span> Question 8.<\/strong><\/span> Question 9.<\/strong><\/span>
\nWhat is a geographic grid ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe network of the latitudes and the longitudes is known as a geographical grid.<\/p>\n
\nWho devised the lines of latitude and longitude ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nEratosthenes, the Greek philosopher, first time devised the lines of latitude and longitude.<\/p>\n
\nWhat are lines of latitude and longitude ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe latitudes are the parallel circles with respect to the equator reducing in length northwards and southwards and the poles are the points only. On the other hand longitudes are equal in length drawn from North Pole to South Pole with their intervals reducing towards poles.<\/p>\n
\nMention two characteristics of lines of latitude ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\n(b)<\/strong> The lines of latitude are drawn at an angular distance with respect to the equator.<\/p>\n
\nName the two hemispheres of the earth made by the Equator.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nNorthern hemisphere and Southern hemisphere.<\/p>\n
\nExpress 1\u00b0 angular distance in kilometres.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nAs the circumference or the equator is nearly about 40,000 km.
\nSo 1\u00b0 angular distance in km. will be 40,000\/360 =111 km. approximately.<\/p>\n
\nName the thermal zones of the earth.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe thermal zones of the earth are Tropical, Temperate and Polar zones.<\/p>\n
\nWith the help of degrees, name the important lines of latitude.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\n(b)<\/strong> Tropic of Capricorn \u2014 23 1\/2\u00b0 S.
\n(c)<\/strong> Arctic Circle \u2014 66 1\/2\u00b0 N.
\n(d)<\/strong> Antarctic Circle \u2014 66 1\/2\u00b0 S
\n(e)<\/strong> North Pole \u2014 90\u00b0N
\n(f)<\/strong> South Pole \u2014 90\u00b0S<\/p>\n
\nWhich temperature zone receives almost vertical rays of the sun and which zones receive slanting rays ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Tropical zone gets vertical rays of the sun, while temperate and polar zones receive slanting rays of the sun.<\/p>\n
\nWhich line is known as the Prime Meridian ? State its importance.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nGreenwich Meridian is called the \u2018Prime Meridian\u2019 or the 0\u00b0 longitude. The time is calculated with respect to this Meridian. So it is the basic Meridian and time is written as G.M.T. (Greenwich Meridian Time) The earth takes 4 minutes for moving 1\u00b0 distance.<\/p>\n
\nHow can the general climate of an area be described with the help of the lines of latitudes ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe temperature decreases northwards and southwards from the equator. The region within 23 1\/2\u00b0 N and 23 1\/2\u00b0 S will get tropical climate with ample temperature and rainfall. On the other hand the regions between
\n23 1\/2\u00b0 N – 66 1\/2\u00b0 N and 23 1\/2\u00b0 S – 66 1\/2\u00b0 S will get temperate climate, while the regions known as Arctic and Antarctic circles get very cold polar climate as Tundra region.<\/p>\n
\nWhich line of longitude is used to fix the World Standard Time ? State its value in degrees.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nGreenwich Meridian is used to fix the World Standard Time. Its value in degrees is 0\u00b0. This time is written as G.M.T.<\/p>\n
\nState the longitudinal value in degrees of Indian Standard Meridian.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nLongitudinal value of Indian Standard Meridian is 82 1\/2\u00b0 E. It passes midway through India nearly along the city of Allahabad.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is meant by IDL ? State its importance.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nIDL means the International Date Line, which is along 180\u00b0 E & W. The date or day changes while crossing this line i.e. while there is Monday in the Eastern Hemisphere i.e.
\n0\u00b0 – 180\u00b0E, there will be Sunday in the Western Hemisphere i. e. 0\u00b0 – 180\u00b0 W.<\/p>\n
\nWhat are the Great Circle Routes ? State their importance.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Great Circle Routes follow the great circles i. e. the perimeters of the earth, which cover the shortest distances between any two places in spite of the zigzag routes along the surface of earth. These circles are beneficial for following the shortest distances between any two places and help in saving the time.
\ni. e. the shortest routes are covered in minimum time span.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is a globe ? State the importance of a globe.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nA globe is a man-made spherical model of the earth. A globe is very useful model to display the actual shape of the earth with its tilted axis ; The rotation and revolution of the earth can be very clearly shown by it along with the continents and oceans.<\/p>\n
\nLines of latitude carve out the heat zones of the earth.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe Temperature goes on decreasing from the equator towards the poles. So the latitudinal zones are the actual heat zones of the earth, namely tropical, temperate and polar zones.<\/p>\n
\nLines of longitude are also called Meridians of longitude?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe word \u2018meridian\u2019 means related to noon or 12 p.m. As every longitude receives the noon time or 12 p.m. at different intervals where the sun\u2019s rays are exactly vertical over a particular longitude. On a particular longitude the noon-time is the same from north to south ; so a longitude is also called a Meridians of longitude.<\/p>\n
\nDiametrically opposite lines of longitude and the Equator are called Great Circles.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nEvery longitude along with its opposite longitude makes a complete circle around the earth and another complete big circle is the equator; while the latitudes make smaller circles along with the poles to be only points. So the equator and the longitudinal lines around the earth are called the Great Circles.<\/p>\n
\nThe Greenwich time is called Greenwich Mean Time.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe time of any place or country is calculated according to the 0\u00b0 longitude or Greenwich meridian, the time change is of 4 minutes for every 0\u00b0 longitude. So it is called Greenwich Mean Time.<\/p>\n
\nIDL deviates and goes zig-zag near some Islands in the Pacific ocean.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nIDL is not a straight line, but it deviates in order to classify some scattered Islands in a particular divisions of Hemispheres, so that the day and time can be calculated according to the line, as the natural position of the Islands is haphazard.<\/p>\n
\nA globe is the most popular model of the earth.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nAs our earth is spherical in shape, so it can be best represented by a spherical model like a globe. A globe illustrates the position of continents and oceans, the tilted axis of the earth, its rotation, the sea and air routes etc. So a globe is a perfect model of the earth.<\/p>\n
\nDescribe the lines of latitude, their importance and use.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe face of the earth is divided into various parallel circles with respect to the equator on both sides at different angular distances. These lines are veiy important to decide the climate and temperature range of any place or region as the temperature goes on decreasing from the equator to polewards.<\/p>\n
\nWith reference to the International Date Line, state the following:<\/p>\n
\n(b)<\/strong> The important deviations it makes and reasons for the same.
\n(c)<\/strong> Give an example of how time lost or gained is computed with reference to this line.<\/p>\n
\n(b)<\/strong> The International Date Line is not a straight line but have some deviations in order to adjust with the pattern of the landforms and some islands to decide for the time and date of these places and regions.
\n(c)<\/strong> If we are moving from Hawaii Islands towards Shanghai on Tuesday, we will reach there on Wednesday or Thursday probably, but if we are going eastwards from Shangai to Hawaii islands on Tuesday. We may reach there either on Tuesday or Monday.<\/p>\n
\nDescribe the lines of longitude and state their use in relation to distance and time.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nA longitude is the angular distance of a place east or we\u00a7t of the Prime Meridian or 0\u00b0 longitude.
\nThe lines of longitude are the great semi-circles joining North pole and South pole and are equal in length. These are 0\u00b0 – 180\u00b0E and 0\u00b0 – 180\u00b0W longitudes or total 360\u00b0. As the earth takes 24 hours to make a complete rotation along its axis crossing 360\u00b0 lines of longitude, so earth takes nearly 4 minutes to move one degree (1 \u00b0) longitude or 111 km length or distance. There is difference of time of one hour between 15\u00b0 interval of longitudes. According to the clock-time, EGA stands for East-Gain-Add and WLS means West Lose Subtract. In other words for each 10 longitude towards east 4 minutes are to be added and towards west for each 1\u00b0 longitude 4 minutes are to be subtracted.<\/p>\n
\nMake a detailed study of finding time with the help of longitudes. Give one practical example.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nIndian Standard Time is based on 82 1\/2\u00b0 E longitude. So if the time in India is 12 noon, so it will be 6.30 A.M. in England or GMT. The time difference between 0\u00b0 and 82 1\/2\u00b0 E will be 82.5 \u00d7 4 – 330 minutes or 330 \u00f7 60 = 5 1\/2 hours. So there is difference of 5 1\/2 hours between India and England, as England lies in the west, so the time will be 5 1\/2 hours less than India.<\/p>\n
\nA cricket match was to be held at Birmingham at 9 a.m. local time. The position of Birmingham is 5\u00b0 W. Calculate the time the viewers have to tune their television in Sydney 151\u00b0E.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe local time at Birmingham is 9 am.
\nThe location of Birmingham is 5\u00b0 W of Prime Meridian.
\nThe GMT would be 9:20 a.m.
\n[9.00hrs + (5\u00b0 \u00d7 4min) = 9.00hrs + 20 min = 9.20 a.m. Sydney is located at 151 \u00b0E of Prime Meridian
\nAt any point of time Sydney would be 151 \u00d7 4 = 604 min = 10 hrs 4 min ahead of GMT (Sydney is to the East of the Prime Meridian so local time would be ahead of GMT)
\nWhen it is 9:20 a.m. GMT the local time at Sydney would be (9:20 + 10:04) 19:24 hrs or 7:24 p.m.
\nin order to watch the Brimingham match at Sydney the viewers would have to tune their televisions at 7:24 p.m. local time.<\/p>\n
\nAn important programme was to be broadcast from Mumbai at 7.30 p.m. This was heard by some Indian sailors near Ivory Coast in West Africa at 20\u00b0W longitude. What was the local time there ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nAccording to the Indian Standard Time 7.30 p.m. based on 82 1\/2\u00b0 E. Longitude was the time at Mumbai. The longitudinal difference between Mumbai and Ivory Coast at 20\u00b0 W is 82.5 + 20 = 102.5. So 102.5 \u00d7 4 = 410.0 minutes = 6 hours 50 minutes, i.e. the time will be 6 hours 50 minutes less than 7.30 p.m. So the time will be 12.40 p.m<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the longitude of a place where the local time 1:15 p.m. when it is 4 a.m. at Chicago (88\u00b0W) ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe time difference between the two places is 9 hours and 15 minutes or 540 + 15 = 555 minutes So the longitudinal difference will be 555\/4 = 138.75\u00b0 degrees. So the longitude of the required place will be 50\u00b0 45′ E i.e. it will cover 88\u00b0 from west to 0\u00b0 and 50\u00b0 45 east from 0\u00b0 or Greenwich line.<\/p>\n
\nCalculate the time at Durban (longitude 30\u00b0E) when the time is 7.00 a.m. at New York (75\u00b0W).
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe longitudinal difference between Durban and New York is 30\u00b0 + 75\u00b0= 105\u00b0, so the time will be 105 x 4 = 420 minutes ahead from New York. There is the difference of 420 minutes or 7 hours, or 2 p.m.<\/p>\n
\nCalculate the longitude of a place where the local time is 6.00 a.m., when the time is 9.00 p.m. at New Delhi on longitude 77\u00b0 E.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe time difference between the required place and New Delhi is 6 + 9 = 15 hours, so the time in minutes =15 \u00d7 60 = 900 minutes So the longitudinal difference = 900\/4 = 225\u00b0. So the place will be in the west 225\u00b0 – 77\u00b0 = 148\u00b0 W.<\/p>\n
\nCalculate the local time at Singapore (104\u00b0E) when it is 6.00 p.m. at Greenwich.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe longitudinal difference at Singapore and Greenwich is 104\u00b0, so the time difference is 104 \u00d7 4 = 416 minutes i.e. 6 hours 56 minutes. So the time at Singapore will be 12.56 a.m.<\/p>\n
\nCalculate the location of a place where the local time is noon when it is 7.30 p.m. at Greenwich.
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nTime difference is 12 – 7.30 = 4.30 or 4 hours 30 minutes = 240 + 30 = 270 minutes So the longitudinal difference is 270\/4 = 67.5\u00b0. So the longitude is 67.5\u00b0W or 67 1\/2\u00b0 W.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the time and day at Mumbai (73\u00b0E) when it is Sunday 10.30 p.m. at Shillong (92\u00b0E) ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nThe longitudinal difference is 92\u00b0 – 73\u00b0 = 19\u00b0. So the time difference is 19 x 4 = 76 minutes or 1 hours 16 minutes or the time at Mumbai is 9.14 p.m.<\/p>\n
\nHow many lines of latitude are there ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n180 + 1 = 181<\/p>\n
\nHow many lines of longitude are there ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n360 – 1 = 359.<\/p>\n
\nWhich meridian is called Prime meridian ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n0\u00b0 meridian.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the latitude of equator ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n0\u00b0<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the latitude of Tropic of Cancer ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n23 1\/2\u00b0 North.<\/p>\n
\nWhat is the latitude of Tropic of Capricorn ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n23 1\/2\u00b0 South.<\/p>\n
\nWhich is the longest line of latitude ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nEquator.<\/p>\n
\nWhich star is located vertically above the North pole ?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\nPole-Star<\/p>\n
\nInto how many time zones, has the world been divided?
\nAnswer:<\/strong><\/span>
\n24<\/p>\n