{"id":19535,"date":"2022-12-01T10:00:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-01T04:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=19535"},"modified":"2022-12-02T09:19:43","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T03:49:43","slug":"cbse-class-10-science-lab-manual-properties-acids-bases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/cbse-class-10-science-lab-manual-properties-acids-bases\/","title":{"rendered":"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual &#8211; Properties of Acids and Bases"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span style=\"color: #00ccff;\"><strong>CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual &#8211; Properties of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/general-properties-acids\/\">Acids<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/general-properties-bases\/\">Bases<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>EXPERIMENT 2(a)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Aim<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nTo study the properties of acids (dil. HCl) and bases (dil. NaOH) by their reaction with<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Litmus solution (blue\/red)<\/li>\n<li>Zinc metal<\/li>\n<li>Solid sodium carbonate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Materials Required<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nTest tubes, test tube stand, test tube holder, cork, droppers, boiling tube, match-box, burner, flat bottom flask, thistle funnel, beaker, litmus solution\/paper (red and blue), glass rod, zinc granules, freshly prepared lime water, solid sodium carbonate and dil. HCl.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Theory<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>Acid<\/strong><br \/>\nAn acid is a substance which furnishes H<sup>+<\/sup> ions when it is dissolved in water like HCl. Acids turn blue litmus red and do not affect red litmus.<br \/>\nOn reacting with zinc metal, HCl forms a salt, zinc chloride (ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub>) and hydrogen gas (H<sub>2<\/sub>) is liberated.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93817\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-1.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 1\" width=\"412\" height=\"54\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-1.png 412w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-1-300x39.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 412px) 100vw, 412px\" \/><br \/>\nHydrogen gas burns in air with a blue flame and produces a pop sound.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93818\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-2.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 2\" width=\"243\" height=\"54\" \/><br \/>\nHCl reacts with sodium carbonate (aqueous\/solid) to liberate carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub> ) which turns lime water milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate. When excess of CO<sub>2<\/sub> is passed through the solution, the milkiness disappears.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93819\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-3.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 3\" width=\"543\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-3.png 543w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-3-300x108.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 543px) 100vw, 543px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Procedure<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Litmus Test<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Take two test tubes and mark them A and B and put them in a test tube stand. In test tube A take 5 ml of blue litmus solution and in B, take 5mL of red litmus solution (as shown in Fig.1).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93820\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-4.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 4\" width=\"441\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-4.png 441w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-4-300x156.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 441px) 100vw, 441px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Using a dropper, add few drops of HCl in each test tube. Stir each tube with separate glass rods B. Note, if there is any colour change occurs in the solutions.<br \/>\n<strong>Observation<\/strong> In test tube A, blue litmus turns red and nothing happens to red litmus. Hence, it can be concluded that acids (like HCl) turns blue litmus to red.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reaction with Zinc (Zn) Metal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Take few zinc granules in a clean and dry test tube.<\/li>\n<li>Add HCl to the test tube containing zinc granules, such that zinc granules are totally submerged in the acid.<\/li>\n<li>Place a cork having glass delivery tube.<\/li>\n<li>A vigorous reaction will take place after 2-3 minutes, with the evolution of a colourless, odourless gas.<\/li>\n<li>On bringing a burning match-stick near the mouth of gas tube, the gas burns with a pale blue flame producing pop sound (as shown in Fig. 2).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93821\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-5.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 5\" width=\"393\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-5.png 393w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-5-300x247.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 393px) 100vw, 393px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Reaction<\/strong> 2HCl(aq) + Zn(s) &#8212;&#8212;&gt; ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub> (aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191<br \/>\n<strong>Observation<\/strong> Acids (like HCl) liberate hydrogen (H<sub>2<\/sub>) gas on reacting with active metals like zinc (Zn) which burn with a pop sound when burning splinter brought near to it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reaction with Solid Sodium Carbonate (Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>)<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Take a small amount of solid sodium carbonate in a flat bottom flask and some distilled water in it, shake it well.<\/li>\n<li>Take a double bore cork with a thistle funnel and a delivery tube fitted in it, fit it on the open end of the flask.<\/li>\n<li>Now add HCl in the flask through thistle tube.<\/li>\n<li>Reaction taken place with the evolution of colourless and odourless gas. Then gas is passed through freshly prepared lime water with the help of delivery tube (as shown in Fig. 3).<\/li>\n<li>The lime water turns milky.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93822\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-6.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 6\" width=\"671\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-6.png 671w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-6-300x142.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 671px) 100vw, 671px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Reaction<\/strong><br \/>\nNa<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>(aq)+2HCl(aq) &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&gt; 2NaCl(aq)+ CO<sub>2<\/sub> \u2191 + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<br \/>\nCa(OH)<sub>2<\/sub> (aq) + CO<sub>2<\/sub> \u2191 &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&gt; CaCO<sub>3<\/sub>(s) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O (l)<br \/>\nCaCO<sub>3<\/sub> (s) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) + CO<sub>2<\/sub> (g) &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&gt; Ca(HCO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub> (aq)<br \/>\n<strong>Observation<\/strong> HCl on reacting with sodium carbonate (Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>) liberates carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) gas which turns lime water milky. On passing the gas in excess of lime water, the milkiness disappears.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Observation Table<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"43\"><strong>S.No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"196\"><strong>Experiment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"153\"><strong>Observation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"212\"><strong>Inference<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"43\">1.<\/td>\n<td width=\"196\"><strong>Litmus test<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Add few drops of dil. HCl to test tube A containing blue litmus solution. Add few drops of dil. HCl to test tube B containing red litmus solution.<\/td>\n<td width=\"153\">Blue litmus solution turns &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.. in colour.<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">HCl has&#8230;&#8230;. character.<br \/>\nHCl&#8230;&#8230;.. affect red litmus solution.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"43\">2.<\/td>\n<td width=\"196\"><strong>Reaction with Zn metal<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>On adding dil. HCl to Zn metal and warming the contents.<\/li>\n<li>On bringing a burning match-stick near the jet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"153\">\n<ul>\n<li>&#8230;&#8230;. gas evolves.<\/li>\n<li>A pop sound is obtained.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">\n<ul>\n<li>Zn reacts with dil. HCl and liberates &#8230;&#8230;.. gas.<\/li>\n<li>Zn (s) + 2HCl(aq)<br \/>\n&#8212;-&gt;ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub> + &#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"43\">3.<\/td>\n<td width=\"196\"><strong>Reaction with Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Add a few drops of dil. HCI to Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/td>\n<td width=\"153\">A colourless, odourless gas is evolved which turns lime water milky. On passing the gas in excess in lime water, the milkiness disappears.<\/td>\n<td width=\"212\">&#8230;&#8230;. gas is liberated on the reaction between dll. HCl and Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>.<br \/>\n2HCI + Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub> &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&gt; 2NaCl +&#8230;&#8230;&#8230; + H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Result\/Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Hydrochloric acid turns blue litmus solution\/paper to red but it does not affect red litmus solution\/paper.<\/li>\n<li>It reacts with zinc metal to liberate hydrogen gas and also forms zinc chloride as a product.<\/li>\n<li>It reacts with sodium carbonate to liberate carbon dioxide.<br \/>\nHence, we conclude that hydrochloric acid is acidic in nature.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Precautions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>As HCl is corrosive in nature, it should be handled with care.<\/li>\n<li>Use small quantities of chemicals.<\/li>\n<li>Use small quantities of Zn and HCl, otherwise large amounts of H<sub>2<\/sub> will be formed which may cause explosion.<\/li>\n<li>Use clean zinc metal, otherwise the reaction will occur very slowly.<\/li>\n<li>Add HCI to Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>, when the apparatus is airtight.<\/li>\n<li>Observe the milkiness in the lime water soon.<\/li>\n<li>In case you allow carbon dioxide to pass for a long time through lime water, the milkiness may be removed due to the formation of soluble calcium bicarbonate as depicted in the reaction as follows:<br \/>\nCaCO<sub>3<\/sub>(s)+ CO<sub>2<\/sub>(g)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l) &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&gt; Ca(HCO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>2<\/sub>(aq).<\/li>\n<li>Shake the solutions and reaction mixtures carefully without spilling.<\/li>\n<li>Care must be taken while performing combustion test with H<sub>2<\/sub>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Viva-Voce<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 1.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will be the colour of a blue litmus paper on bringing it in contact with a drop of dil. hydrochloric acid? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe colour of the blue litmus paper changes to red on bringing it in contact with a drop of dil. hydrochloric acid.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 2.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nExplain, why hydrogen gas is not collected by the downward displacement of air? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nHydrogen gas is not collected by the downward displacement of air because hydrogen gas is lighter than air.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 3.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will happen to a lighted candle if it is brought near the mouth of a gas jar containing hydrogen gas? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe candle extinguishes with a pop sound and the gas burns with a pale blue flame.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 4.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhich gas is produced when zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhen zinc metal reacts with hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas is produced.<br \/>\nZn(s)+ 2HCl(aq) &#8212;&#8212;&gt; ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub>(aq)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 5.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhich gas is liberated when sodium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhen sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) reacts with hydrochloric acid, carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2<\/sub>) gas is released.<br \/>\nNa<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>(s)+ 2HCl(aq) &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&gt; 2NaCl(aq)+ CO<sub>2<\/sub>(g)+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 6.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nHydrogen gas is neutral to litmus paper. Explain how? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nHydrogen gas is neither acidic nor basic in nature, thus it does not affect blue and red litmus paper.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 7.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat is the utility of the reaction between NaHCO<sub>3<\/sub> and HCl in daily life situation? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nSodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3<\/sub>) acts as an antacid and it neutralises excess of hydrochloric acid (HCl) in our stomach.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 8.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nHow can the deposits of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates on the metal surface be cleaned? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe deposits of carbonates and hydrogen carbonates on the metal surface can be cleaned by dil. HCl or acetic acid.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 9.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nName one metal (other than zinc) which on reacting with dil. HCl gives a colourless gas that burns with a pop sound.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nMagnesium metal evolves hydrogen gas on reacting with dil. HCl. The gas burns with a pop sound.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 10.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhen a white powder was mixed with dilute acid, a colourless and odourless gas was produced which turned lime water milky. What is this white powder?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhite powder may be carbonate or bicarbonate of metals, which evolve CO<sub>2<\/sub> on reacting with dilute acid. CO<sub>2<\/sub> gas turned lime water milky<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 11.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhy does lime water turn milky when CO<sub>2<\/sub> is passed through it?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nIt is due to the formation of insoluble calcium carbonate.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 12.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nIf a moist blue litmus paper is brought near CO<sub>2<\/sub> gas. What change would be observed on the blue litmus paper?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nBlue litmus paper turns red. In the presence of moisture, C02 changes to carbonic acid.<br \/>\nCO<sub>2<\/sub> + H<sub>2<\/sub>O &#8212;&#8212;&gt; H<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>2<\/sub><br \/>\nIt will change the colour of blue litmus to red.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 13.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhy do metal displace hydrogen from dilute acids?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nIt is because metals are more reactive than hydrogen, therefore they can displace H<sub>2<\/sub>. They can supply electrons to convert H<sup>+<\/sup> ions to H<sub>2<\/sub> gas.<br \/>\n2H<sup>+<\/sup> + 2e<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&gt; H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 14.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhich substance will be required to identify the gas evolved when dil. HCl reacts with solid sodium carbonate?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nLime water will be required. CO<sub>2<\/sub> is evolved in the reaction which turns lime water milky.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 15.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA drop of red litmus solution is poured in a metal carbonate solution. The colour of litmus solution change to blue. What is the nature of metallic carbonate solution?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe metallic carbonate solution is alkaline in nature.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 16.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nOut of acetic acid and hydrochloric acid, which would have a lower pH?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nHCI would have lower pH as it can easily dissociate to give more H<sup>+<\/sup> ions as compare to acetic acid.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>EXPERIMENT 2(b)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Materials Required<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nTest tubes, test tube stand, test tube holder, litmus solution\/paper strips (red and blue), dil. NaOH, solid sodium carbonate, zinc granules, Bunsen burner, distilled water, match-box, thistle funnel, flat bottom flask, delivery tube, cork, glass rods and freshly prepared lime water.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Theory<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>Base<\/strong><br \/>\nA base is a substance which furnishes OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> ions when it is dissolved in water. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. Its pH is much higher than 7.<br \/>\nSo, it turns red litmus into blue and do not affect the blue litmus.<br \/>\nOn reacting with Zn metal, it forms a salt (sodium zincate) and hydrogen gas (H<sub>2<\/sub>) is liberated.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93823\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-7.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 7\" width=\"396\" height=\"67\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-7.png 396w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-7-300x51.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/><br \/>\nSolid Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub> does not react with NaOH because both are basic in nature.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93824\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-8.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 8\" width=\"369\" height=\"53\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-8.png 369w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-8-300x43.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 369px) 100vw, 369px\" \/><br \/>\nBase (NaOH) neutralizes acid (HCl) to gives salt (NaCl)<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93825\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-9.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 9\" width=\"397\" height=\"63\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-9.png 397w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-9-300x48.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 397px) 100vw, 397px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Procedure<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Litmus Test<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Take two test tubes and mark them A and B. Take 3 mLof blue litmus in test tube A and 3 mL of red litmus in test tube B and put them in a test tube stand (as shown in Fig. 1).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93826\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-10.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 10\" width=\"409\" height=\"245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-10.png 409w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-10-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 409px) 100vw, 409px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Using a dropper, add few drops of NaOH in each. Note, if there is any colour change in the solutions in the test tubes.<br \/>\n<strong>Observation<\/strong> Red litmus in test tube B turns into blue while there is no change in blue litmus present in test tube A. Hence, it can be concluded that base like NaOH turns red litmus to blue.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reaction with Zinc (Zn) Metal<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Take few zinc granules in a clean and dry test tube,<\/li>\n<li>Add NaOH to the test tube containing zinc granules, such that zinc granules are totally submerged in the acid.<\/li>\n<li>Place a cork having glass delivery tube and heat the test tube.<\/li>\n<li>A vigorous reaction will take place after 2-3 minutes with the evolution of a colourless, odourless gas.<\/li>\n<li>On bringing a burning match-stick near the mouth of gas tube, the gas burns with a pale blue flame producing pop sound (as shown in Fig. 2).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93828\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-11.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 11\" width=\"387\" height=\"402\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-11.png 387w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-11-289x300.png 289w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 387px) 100vw, 387px\" \/><br \/>\n<strong>Reaction<\/strong><br \/>\n2NaOH(aq) + Zn(s) &#8212;&#8212;&gt; Na<sub>2<\/sub>ZnO<sub>2<\/sub> (s) + H<sub>2<\/sub>\u2191<br \/>\n<strong>Observation<\/strong> Base like NaOH liberates H<sub>2<\/sub> gas on reacting with active metals like Zn which burns with pop sound when burning splinter brought near to it.<br \/>\n3 Reaction with Solid Sodium Carbonate (Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Take a small amount of Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub> in a test tube.<\/li>\n<li>Add some drops of dil. NaOH solution in the test tube containing Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/li>\n<li>No reaction takes place.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Observation Table<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table border=\"2\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\"><strong>S. No.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"258\"><strong>Experiment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"156\"><strong>Observation<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"156\"><strong>Inference<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">1.<\/td>\n<td width=\"258\"><strong>Litmus test<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Add few drops of dil. NaOH to test tube A containing blue litmus solution.<\/li>\n<li>Add few drops of dil. NaOH to another test tube B containing red litmus solution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">\n<ul>\n<li>Red litmus turns&#8230;..<\/li>\n<li>&#8230;&#8230;.in colour of blue litmus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">\n<ul>\n<li>NaOH has\u2026\u2026character.<\/li>\n<li>It &#8230;&#8230;&#8230;. affect blue litmus.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">2.<\/td>\n<td width=\"258\"><strong>Reaction with Zn metal<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Add dil. NaOH to Zn metal granules and warm the reaction mixture.<\/li>\n<li>Bring a lighted matchstick near the jet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u2026\u2026\u2026.gas evolves.<\/li>\n<li>A pop sound is obtained.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">\n<ul>\n<li>Zn reacts with dil. NaOH and liberates\u2026\u2026\u2026gas.<\/li>\n<li>Zn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) &#8212;&gt; Na<sub>2<\/sub>ZnO<sub>2<\/sub>(s)+..\u2191<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" width=\"54\">3.<\/td>\n<td width=\"258\"><strong>Reaction with Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Add a few drops of dil. NaOH to Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>.<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">\u2026\u2026change is observed.<\/td>\n<td width=\"156\">NaOH and Na<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub> do not react.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Result\/Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sodium hydroxide turns red litmus solution\/paper blue but it does not affect blue litmus solution\/paper.<\/li>\n<li>It reacts with zinc metal and liberates hydrogen gas. During this reaction, sodium zincate is also formed.<\/li>\n<li>It does not react with sodium carbonate.<br \/>\nHence, we conclude that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is basic in nature.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Precautions<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Sodium hydroxide should be handled with care because it is highly corrosive in nature. Do not heat mixture of zinc and dilute NaOH to boiling point.<\/li>\n<li>Small quantity of chemicals should be used to perform the experiment to get best results. Test tubes and droppers should be washed well with distilled water before use.<\/li>\n<li>Do not interchange droppers while testing with acids\/alkalis\/indicators.<\/li>\n<li>Hands must be cleaned properly after completing the experiment.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>Viva-Voce<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 1.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will be the colour of blue litmus paper on bringing it in contact with a drop of dil. NaOH?<strong> [NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe colour of the blue litmus paper remains blue on bringing it in contact with a drop of dil.NaOH.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 2.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhich gas is produced when aluminium metal (Al) reacts with sodium hydroxide? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nHydrogen gas (H<sub>2<\/sub>) is produced when aluminium metal (Al) reacts with sodium hydroxide.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 3.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat are the metals (other than Al) which react with alkalies to produce hydrogen gas? What are these metals called? <strong>[NCERT]<\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nZinc. These metals are called amphoteric metals.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 4.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat are strong bases? Give example.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThose bases which dissociate into its ions completely are called strong bases, e.g. NaOH, KOH etc.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 5.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA blue litmus paper was first dipped in dil. HCl and then in dil. NaOH solution. What colour would you observe on the litmus paper?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nDilute HCl turns blue litmus paper red which becomes blue again in dil. NaOH. solution.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 6.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA teacher gave two test tubes, one containing water and the other containing sodium hydroxide solution, to the students and asked them to identify the test tube containing sodium hydroxide solution. Which substance can be used to identify the test tube?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nRed litmus paper can be used.<br \/>\n(Red litmus paper turns blue in the presence of sodium hydroxide solution)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 7.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will be the reaction of Zn with NaOH on heating?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nZn reacts with NaOH to form sodium zincate and hydrogen gas.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93829\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-12.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 12\" width=\"372\" height=\"59\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-12.png 372w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-12-300x48.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 8.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will be the effect of litmus on hydrogen gas?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nHydrogen gas is neutral towards litmus. It is neither acidic nor basic therefore, it neither changes the colour of blue litmus nor red litmus.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 9.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA yellow stain of turmeric turns red when rubbed with soap. What is the reason behind this change?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe yellow stain of turmeric changes to red because soap is alkaline in nature, since turmeric (an indicator) changes to red colour in the presence of OH<sup>&#8211;<\/sup> ions.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 10.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhen carbon dioxide is passed through lime water, it turns milky. Due to which insoluble substance milkiness is formed?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nInsoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO<sub>3<\/sub>) makes the solution milky.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 11.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat would happen when dil. HCl and dil. NaOH (same concentrations) are mixed in equal amounts? Write the equation also.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhen dil. HCl and dil. NaOH are mixed in equal amounts, neutralisation reaction takes place with formation of salt and water.<br \/>\nHCl (aq)+ NaOH (aq) &#8212;&#8212;&#8211;&gt; NaCl (aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 12.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat happen if we bring a match-stick near the mouth of the test tube when NaOH is added to zinc granules?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhen zinc granules is added to sodium hydroxide, hydrogn gas is liberated. When we bring a match-stick near the mouth of the test tube, this gas burns with pop sound.<br \/>\nZn(s) + 2NaOH(aq) &#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&gt; Na<sub>2<\/sub>ZnO<sub>2<\/sub>(aq) + H<sub>2<\/sub>(g)<br \/>\nThe match-stick gets extinguished.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 13.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA dilute solution of sodium carbonate was added to two test tubes \u2014 one containing dil. HCl (A) and the other containing dilute NaOH (B). What would you observe in test tubes?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nIn test tube A, sodium carbonate reacts with dilute HCl to form colourless CO2 gas.<br \/>\nNa<sub>2<\/sub>CO<sub>3<\/sub>(aq) + 2HCl(aq) &#8212;&#8211;&gt; 2NaCl(aq) + CO<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + H<sub>2<\/sub>O(l)<br \/>\nIn test tube B, no reaction will take place.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 14.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nA solution of soda ash is prepared by dissolving 1 g of it in 10 mL of distilled water. A strip of blue litmus paper A and strip of red litmus paper B is dipped in this solution. What would be the colour of strip A and B?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nThe soda ash (sodium carbonate) solution is alkaline in nature. Thus, only the colour of red litmus paper changes to blue when it is dipped in soda ash solution. There is no colour change in blue litmus paper.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 15.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nName the product formed when aluminium metal reacts with NaOH solution.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nSodium meta-aluminate is formed when aluminium metal reacts with NaOH solution.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-93830\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-13.png\" alt=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual \u2013 Properties of Acids and Bases 13\" width=\"443\" height=\"60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-13.png 443w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/CBSE-Class-10-Science-Lab-Manual-\u2013-Properties-of-Acids-and-Bases-13-300x41.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #eb4924;\">Question 16.<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nWhat will be the colour of the solution, when phenolphthalein indicator is added to sodium hydroxide solution? What happen if we add dil. HCl in this solution drop by drop?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nWhen phenolphthalein is added to NaOH solution, dark pink (almost purple) colour is obtained. This violet colour get disappears when dil. HCl is added in the solution slowly.<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"button-red\" title=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/cbse-class-10-science-lab-manual\/\">Science Lab Manual<\/a><a class=\"button-blue\" title=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Practical Skills\" href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsesamplepapers.info\/cbse-class-10-science-practical-skills\">Science Practical Skills<\/a><a class=\"button-blue\" title=\"NCERT Class 10 Science Lab Manual\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsetuts.com\/ncert-class-10-science-lab-manual\/\">Science Labs<\/a><a class=\"button-blue\" title=\"NCERT Class 10 Maths Lab Manual\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsetuts.com\/ncert-class-10-maths-lab-manual\/\">Math Labs<\/a><a class=\"button-blue\" title=\"Math Labs for CBSE Class 10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/math-labs-for-cbse-class-10\/\">Math Labs with Activity<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual &#8211; Properties of Acids and Bases EXPERIMENT 2(a) Aim To study the properties of acids (dil. HCl) and bases (dil. NaOH) by their reaction with Litmus solution (blue\/red) Zinc metal Solid sodium carbonate Materials Required Test tubes, test tube stand, test tube holder, cork, droppers, boiling tube, match-box, burner, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6805],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.8 (Yoast SEO v17.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual - Properties of Acids and Bases - A Plus Topper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/cbse-class-10-science-lab-manual-properties-acids-bases\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual - Properties of Acids and Bases\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CBSE Class 10 Science Lab Manual &#8211; Properties of Acids and Bases EXPERIMENT 2(a) Aim To study the properties of acids (dil. 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