{"id":14853,"date":"2022-11-20T10:00:32","date_gmt":"2022-11-20T04:30:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=14853"},"modified":"2022-11-21T10:17:17","modified_gmt":"2022-11-21T04:47:17","slug":"application-reactivity-series-metals-extraction-metals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/application-reactivity-series-metals-extraction-metals\/","title":{"rendered":"Application of the reactivity series of metals in the extraction of metals"},"content":{"rendered":"
Application of the reactivity series of metals in the extraction of metals<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
Application of the reactivity series of metals towards oxygen in the extraction of metals:<\/strong><\/p>\n
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Only a few metals such as platinum, gold and silver are found free in nature. Other metals have to be extracted from their ores.<\/li>\n
Ores are naturally occurring rocks that contain high concentration of one or more mineral of metals. The common minerals found in ores are oxides, sulphides and carbonates of metals.<\/li>\n
The following table shows the main contents of some common ores and the metals extracted from them. \n
\n\n
\n
Ore<\/strong><\/td>\n
Main mineral in ore<\/strong><\/td>\n
Metal extracted from ore<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
When a metal is extracted from its ore, it involves reduction.<\/strong> \n(a) A metal has a positive oxidation number in its ore. \n(b) Hence, when it is extracted from its ore, its oxidation number decreases to zero. \n<\/li>\n
The method of reduction depends on the reactivity<\/strong> of the metals. More often than not, the cost is also taken into consideration. For example, a metal can be extracted from its ore using more reactive metals as the reducing agents. However, this is usually not done on a large scale as it is expensive.<\/li>\n
Figure summarises the methods of extracting metals from their ores. \n<\/li>\n
In extracting metals, carbon<\/strong> in the form of coke<\/strong> is used. Carbon is widely used in the extraction of zinc, iron, tin and lead for a number of reasons: \n(a) First of all, carbon is more reactive<\/strong> than zinc, iron, tin and lead. Therefore, carbon can easily reduce the oxide of these metals. \n(b) Furthermore, carbon is cheap<\/strong> and easily available.<\/strong> \n(c) The carbon dioxide gas produced is not poisonous <\/strong>and thus can be released directly into the air.<\/li>\n
Two main processes in the extraction of metals: \n(a) Concentrating the ores (this is done by removing the impurities in the ores) \n(b) Reducing the ores into metals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n