{"id":14701,"date":"2023-04-19T10:00:29","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T04:30:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=14701"},"modified":"2023-04-20T09:53:20","modified_gmt":"2023-04-20T04:23:20","slug":"energy-released-bond-formed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/energy-released-bond-formed\/","title":{"rendered":"Why is energy released when a bond is formed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Why is energy released when a bond is formed?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Energy change during formation and breaking of bonds<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in the reactans need to be broken first before new bonds between the atoms in the products can be formed.<\/li>\n<li>Chemical reactions involve bond breaking and bond formation:<br \/>\n(a) Bond breaking requires energy. Thus, bond breaking is an endothermic change.<br \/>\n(b) Bond formation releases energy. Thus, bond formation is an exothermic process.<\/li>\n<li>The quantity of heat energy absorbed or released during the breaking and formation of bonds in a chemical reaction depends on the strength of the bond.<br \/>\n(a) More energy is required to break a strong bond compared to a weak bond.<br \/>\n(b) More energy is released when a strong bond is formed compared to a weak bond.<\/li>\n<li>Table shows the average bond energies of some common covalent bonds.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116481\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-1.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 1\" width=\"381\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-1.png 381w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-1-300x248.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>The heat absorbed or given out in a reaction comes from the bonds being broken or made in the reaction.<br \/>\n<strong>\u0394H = E<sub>b<\/sub>&#8211; E<sub>f<\/sub><\/strong><br \/>\nwhere,<br \/>\nE<sub>b<\/sub>\u00a0is the total energy absorbed during the breaking of bonds, and<br \/>\nE<sub>f<\/sub>\u00a0is the total energy given out during the formation of bonds.<br \/>\n(a) If bond formation releases more energy than is required in the bond breaking (E<sub>f<\/sub> &gt; E<sub>b<\/sub>), \u0394H = E<sub>b<\/sub> &#8211; E<sub>f<\/sub>\u00a0= negative. The reaction is <strong>exothermic.<\/strong><br \/>\n(b) If bond breaking requires more energy than the energy that is released during bond formation (E<sub>f<\/sub> &gt; E<sub>b<\/sub>), \u0394H = E<sub>b<\/sub> &#8211; E<sub>f<\/sub>\u00a0= positive. The reaction is<strong> endothermic.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>People also ask<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/can-energy-changed-chemical-reaction\/\">How can energy be changed in a chemical reaction?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/energy-profile-diagrams-endothermic-exothermic-reactions\/\">How does the energy level diagram show this reaction is exothermic?<br \/>\n<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/enthalpy-reaction-heat-reaction\/\">What is enthalpy of reaction?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/heat-of-precipitation\/\">What is heat of precipitation?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/heat-of-displacement\/\">What is heat of displacement?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/enthalpy-heat-neutralization\/\">What is the enthalpy of neutralization?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/enthalpy-heat-combustion\/\">What is the heat of combustion?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/applications-exothermic-endothermic-reactions-everyday-life\/\">Applications of exothermic and endothermic reactions in everyday life<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/meant-calorific-value-fuel\/\">What is meant by the calorific value of a fuel?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993366;\"><strong>Formation of hydrogen bromide, HBr :<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>H<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + Br<sub>2<\/sub>(g) \u2192\u00a02HBr(g)<br \/>\nH &#8211; H + Br &#8211; Br \u2192\u00a02 H &#8211; Br<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Total energy absorbed to break the bonds in the reactants,<br \/>\nE<sub>b\u00a0<\/sub>= energy to break 1 mole of H &#8211; H bonds + energy to break 1 mole of Br &#8211; Br bonds<br \/>\n= 436 kJ + 192 kj = 628 kJ<\/li>\n<li>Total energy given out to form the bonds in the products,<br \/>\nE<sub>f\u00a0<\/sub>= energy to form 2 moles of H &#8211; Br<br \/>\n= 2 x 366 kJ = 732 kJ<\/li>\n<li>Overall heat change in the reaction,<br \/>\n\u0394H = E<sub>b<\/sub> &#8211; E<sub>f<br \/>\n<\/sub>= 628 kJ &#8211; 732 kJ = -104 kJ<\/li>\n<li>Thus, formation of hydrogen bromide is an <strong>exothermic<\/strong> reaction.<br \/>\nH<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + Br<sub>2<\/sub>(g) \u2192 2HBr(g) \u00a0 \u00a0\u0394H = -104 kJ<\/li>\n<li>The energy level diagram below illustrates the formation of hydrogen bromide.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116484\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-2.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 2\" width=\"372\" height=\"353\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-2.png 372w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-2-300x285.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993366;\"><strong>Decomposition of ammonia:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116485\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-3.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 3\" width=\"296\" height=\"96\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Total energy absorbed to break the bonds in the reactants,<br \/>\nE<sub>b\u00a0<\/sub>= energy to break 6 moles of H &#8211; N bonds<br \/>\n= 6 x 391 kJ = 2346 kJ<\/li>\n<li>Total energy given out to fo.rm the bonds in the products, E<sub>f<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116487\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-4.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 4\" width=\"324\" height=\"85\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-4.png 324w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-4-300x79.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 324px) 100vw, 324px\" \/><br \/>\n<\/sub><\/li>\n<li>Overall heat change in the reaction,<br \/>\n\u0394H = E<sub>b<\/sub>-E<sub>f<\/sub><sub><br \/>\n<\/sub>= 2346 kJ &#8211; 2254 kJ = +92 kJ<br \/>\nThe decomposition of ammonia to form nitrogen and hydrogen is an endothermic reaction.<br \/>\n2NH<sub>3<\/sub>(g) \u2192 N<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + 3H<sub>2<\/sub>(g) \u00a0 \u00a0\u0394H = +92 kJ<\/li>\n<li>The energy level diagram below illustrates the decomposition of ammonia.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116488\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-5.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 5\" width=\"397\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-5.png 397w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-5-300x197.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 397px) 100vw, 397px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Example:\u00a0<\/strong>The following is the chemical equation of the formation of hydrogen chloride.<br \/>\nH<sub>2<\/sub>(g) + Cl<sub>2<\/sub>(g) \u2192\u00a02HCl(g)<br \/>\nCalculate the overall heat change in the reaction.<br \/>\nGiven that the bond energy of H &#8211; H = 436 kJ mol<sup>-1<\/sup>, Cl &#8211; Cl = 242 kJ mol<sup>-1<\/sup>, H &#8211; Cl = 432 kJ mol<sup>-1<\/sup>.<br \/>\n<strong>Solution:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-116489\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-6.png\" alt=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed 6\" width=\"350\" height=\"249\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-6.png 350w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Why-is-energy-released-when-a-bond-is-formed-6-300x213.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Why is energy released when a bond is formed? &nbsp; Energy change during formation and breaking of bonds During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in the reactans need to be broken first before new bonds between the atoms in the products can be formed. Chemical reactions involve bond breaking and bond formation: [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[5761,5760,5763,5762,5759,5758,5757],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.8 (Yoast SEO v17.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why is energy released when a bond is formed? - A Plus Topper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/energy-released-bond-formed\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Why is energy released when a bond is formed? &nbsp; Energy change during formation and breaking of bonds During a chemical reaction, the bonds between the atoms in the reactans need to be broken first before new bonds between the atoms in the products can be formed. 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