{"id":13028,"date":"2023-04-18T10:00:29","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T04:30:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=13028"},"modified":"2023-04-19T10:17:12","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T04:47:12","slug":"how-polymers-are-classified","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/","title":{"rendered":"How polymers are classified?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>How polymers are classified?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993366;\"><strong>Polymers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Polymers<\/strong> are long chained molecules formed by joining up many identical repeating sub-units called monomers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Polymerisation<\/strong> is a process by which the monomers are joining together into chain-like big molecules known as polymers.<\/li>\n<li>Polymerisation can be represented graphically as shown below.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113120\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified\" width=\"442\" height=\"123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1.png 442w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1-300x83.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 442px) 100vw, 442px\" \/><br \/>\nwhere M represents the monomer and n is a very big integer<\/li>\n<li>A polymer is a macromolecule and may consist of thousands of monomers. Hence it normally has a large relative molecular mass.<\/li>\n<li>The properties of a polymer are very different from the properties of its monomer.<\/li>\n<li>Polymers can be divided into two types: natural polymers and synthetic polymers.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113122\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-2.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 2\" width=\"450\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-2.png 450w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-2-300x183.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Examples of natural polymers: DNA, proteins, cellulose, starch and natural rubber.<br \/>\nExamples of synthetic polymers: poly(ethene), polystyrene, nylon and polyesters<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>People also ask<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/uses-synthetic-polymers-daily-life\/\">Justify the uses of synthetic polymers in daily life<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/synthetic-fibres-examples\/\">What are Synthetic Fibres and give some Examples<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/advantages-disadvantages-synthetic-fibres\/\">What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Synthetic Fibres<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/polyester-synthetic-artificial\/\">Is Polyester Synthetic or Artificial<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/common-type-plastic\/\">What is the most common type of plastic?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/glass-produced-raw-materials\/\">How is glass produced from raw materials?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-ceramics-made\/\">How ceramics are made?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/composite-material-made\/\">How is a composite material made?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993366;\"><strong>Naturally occurring polymers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Naturally occurring polymers are polymers obtained from living things such as plants and animals.<\/li>\n<li>Examples of naturally occurring polymers are: natural rubber, cellulose, starch and silk.<\/li>\n<li>Natural rubber is obtained from rubber trees, Hevea brasiliensis as latex. The monomer for natural rubber is<strong> isoprene<\/strong> or<strong> 2-methyl-but-1,3- diene<\/strong>. Each isoprene unit has two double bonds and undergoes <strong>addition polymerisation<\/strong> to form <strong>polyisoprene<\/strong> or natural rubber.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113124\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-3.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 3\" width=\"387\" height=\"141\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-3.png 387w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-3-300x109.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 387px) 100vw, 387px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Carbohydrates such as starch and cellulose are formed by plants through polymerisation from a simple sugar called glucose.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113125\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-4.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 4\" width=\"448\" height=\"184\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-4.png 448w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-4-300x123.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Wool, meat and silk are made up of a variety of proteins. They are all naturally occurring polymers that consist of amino acid as the monomer.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113135\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-5.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 5\" width=\"419\" height=\"161\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-5.png 419w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-5-300x115.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 419px) 100vw, 419px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Proteins:<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The building blocks (monomers) of proteins are the <strong>amino acids.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>The general structural formula of an amino acid is given below.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113137\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-6.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 6\" width=\"308\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-6.png 308w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-6-300x130.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Amino acids are linked together by a <strong>condensation polymerisation<\/strong> to form various protein polymers. The condensation reaction joins together the <strong>carboxyl group<\/strong> and <strong>amino group<\/strong> and a molecule of water is eliminated. A peptide linkage is formed.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113147\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-7.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 7\" width=\"389\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-7.png 389w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-7-300x177.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Carbohydrates:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Glucose molecule is the monomer of carbohydrates.<\/li>\n<li>The molecular formula of glucose is C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> and its structure is shown below.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113149\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-8.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 8\" width=\"281\" height=\"172\" \/><\/li>\n<li>A condensation reaction joins thousands of glucose molecules to form two types of complex carbohydrate polymers:<br \/>\n(a) Starch<br \/>\n(b) Cellulose<\/li>\n<li>Two hydroxyl groups from adjacent glucose monomers link up with the elimination of a water molecule.<\/li>\n<li>The following shows the structure of starch.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113151\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-9.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 9\" width=\"368\" height=\"174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-9.png 368w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-9-300x142.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/li>\n<li>The structure of cellulose is as shown below.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113152\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-10.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 10\" width=\"360\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-10.png 360w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-10-300x141.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993366;\"><strong>Synthetic polymers<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Through continuous research and development, scientists are able to copy the structure of naturally occurring polymers to produce synthetic polymers.<\/li>\n<li>Synthetic polymers are polymers made by man through chemical reactions in industry from <strong>polymerisation<\/strong> of monomers.<\/li>\n<li>The monomers are usually obtained from the fractional distillation of petroleum after going through refining and cracking processes.<\/li>\n<li>Synthetic polymers are commonly known as plastics.<\/li>\n<li>Examples of synthetic polymers are: polyethene, polypropene, polyvinyl chloride or PVC, polystyrene, perspex, nylon and terylene.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><strong>How are synthetic polymers made?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>Synthetic polymers are made through two types of polymerisation:<br \/>\n(a) Addition polymerisation<br \/>\n(b) Condensation polymerisation<\/li>\n<li><strong>Addition polymerisation<\/strong><br \/>\n(a) Addition polymerisation involves monomers with <strong>carbon-carbon double bonds<\/strong> between the carbon atoms.<br \/>\n(b) During addition polimerisation, the double bonds between pairs of carbon atoms break and the carbon atoms of adjacent molecules join together.<br \/>\n(c) Examples of monomer that can undergo<br \/>\naddition polymerisation are: ethene, chloroethene and styrene. They undergo addition polymerisation to form polyethene, polychloroethene and polystyrene respectively.<br \/>\n(d) Polymerisation of ethene is shown in Figure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Condensation polymerisation<\/strong><br \/>\n(a) Condensation polymerisation involves the joining up of monomers with the formation of other smaller and simple molecules such as water.<br \/>\n(b) Examples of polymers produced by condensation are nylon and terylene.<\/li>\n<li>Synthetic polymers are use to make plastics, synthetic fibres and synthetic rubbers.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-113154\" src=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-11.png\" alt=\"How polymers are classified 11\" width=\"349\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-11.png 349w, https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-11-300x259.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How polymers are classified? Polymers Polymers are long chained molecules formed by joining up many identical repeating sub-units called monomers. Polymerisation is a process by which the monomers are joining together into chain-like big molecules known as polymers. Polymerisation can be represented graphically as shown below. where M represents the monomer and n is a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[4643,4642,4641,4640,4639,4637],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.8 (Yoast SEO v17.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How polymers are classified? - A Plus Topper<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How polymers are classified?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How polymers are classified? Polymers Polymers are long chained molecules formed by joining up many identical repeating sub-units called monomers. Polymerisation is a process by which the monomers are joining together into chain-like big molecules known as polymers. 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Polymers Polymers are long chained molecules formed by joining up many identical repeating sub-units called monomers. Polymerisation is a process by which the monomers are joining together into chain-like big molecules known as polymers. Polymerisation can be represented graphically as shown below. where M represents the monomer and n is a [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/","og_site_name":"A Plus Topper","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aplustopper\/","article_published_time":"2023-04-18T04:30:29+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-04-19T04:47:12+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1.png"}],"twitter_card":"summary","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Veerendra","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/#organization","name":"Aplus Topper","url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/","sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/aplustopper\/"],"logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/#logo","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Aplus_380x90-logo.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Aplus_380x90-logo.jpg","width":1585,"height":375,"caption":"Aplus Topper"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/#logo"}},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/","name":"A Plus Topper","description":"Improve your Grades","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/#primaryimage","inLanguage":"en-US","url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/How-polymers-are-classified-1.png","width":442,"height":123,"caption":"How polymers are classified"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/#webpage","url":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/how-polymers-are-classified\/","name":"How polymers are classified? 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