{"id":1218,"date":"2020-12-01T04:16:03","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T22:46:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=1218"},"modified":"2020-12-01T15:51:12","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T10:21:12","slug":"advantages-of-synthetic-detergents-over-soap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/advantages-of-synthetic-detergents-over-soap\/","title":{"rendered":"What are the Advantages of Synthetic Detergents over Soap"},"content":{"rendered":"

What are the Advantages of Synthetic Detergents over Soap<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Soaps and Synthetic Detergents : <\/strong><\/span>
\nSoaps :<\/strong><\/span> Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of higher fatty acids. Fatty acids are carboxylic acids containing 12 or more carbon atoms, e.g.,
\nThe common fatty acids and their formula are given below :
\nTable : <\/strong>Some Examples of fatty acids<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Formula<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Name of fatty acid<\/strong><\/td>\nFormula <\/strong><\/td>\nName of Fatty acid<\/em><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

C15<\/sub>H31<\/sub>COOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Palmitic acid<\/td>\nC17<\/sub>H35<\/sub>COOH<\/td>\n\n

Stearic acid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

C17<\/sub>H33<\/sub>COOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Oleic acid<\/td>\nC11<\/sub>H23<\/sub>COOH<\/td>\n\n

Lauric acid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

C17<\/sub>H31<\/sub>COOH<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Linoleic acid<\/td>\nC13<\/sub>H27<\/sub>COOH<\/td>\n\n

Myristic acid<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Glycerides : <\/strong><\/span>They are esters of glycerol, an alcohol containing three hydroxyl group and fatty acids. Glycerides are present in fats or oils of animal and vegetable origin.
\nSaponification :<\/span> <\/strong>The process in which oil or fat (glyceride) is hydrolysed with sodium hydroxide to get soap and glycerol is called saponification.
\n\"What
\nOther examples of soaps are Sodium palmitate (C15<\/sub>H31<\/sub>COONa), Sodium oleate (C17<\/sub>H33<\/sub>COONa)
\nSodium linoleate (C17<\/sub>H31<\/sub>COONa) etc.
\nAdvantages of Soap : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i) \u00a0 Soap is cheaper and readily available.
\n(ii)\u00a0 It works well for cleaning of clothes with soft water (water which does not contain Ca2+<\/sup> and Mg2+<\/sup>)
\n(iii) Soaps are 100% biodegradable, i.e., decomposed by micro-organisms present in sewage, therefore, they do not create water pollution.
\nDisadvantages of Soap : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i) It does not work well with hard water containing Ca2+<\/sup> or Mg2+<\/sup>. It reacts with Ca2+<\/sup> and Mg2+<\/sup> to form white precipitate which is called scum and soap goes waste. The reaction which takes place is a follows.
\n\"What
\nThus, soap solution forms less lather with hard water.
\n(ii)\u00a0 Soap is not suitable for washing woolen garments because it is basic in nature and woolen garments have acidic dyes.
\n(iii) Soap are less effective in saline water and acidic water.<\/p>\n

Detergents : <\/strong><\/span>Detergents are sodium or potassium salts of sulphonic acids of hydrocarbons of alkene type. They have \u2013SO3<\/sub>H group, i.e., sulphonic acid group.
\nExamples :
\n(i)\u00a0\u00a0 Sodium lauryl sulphate
\nCH3<\/sub>(CH2<\/sub>)10<\/sub>CH2<\/sub>ONa+<\/sup>
\n(ii)\u00a0 Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate
\nC12<\/sub>H25<\/sub>\u2013C6<\/sub>H4<\/sub> \u2013Na+<\/sup> OR
\n\"What
\nAdvantages of Detergents over soaps :<\/span> <\/strong>
\n(i)\u00a0\u00a0 Detergents work well even with hard water but soaps do not.
\n(ii)\u00a0 Detergents may be used in saline or acidic water
\n(iii) Detergents are more easily soluble in water than soaps.
\n(iv) Detergents can be used for washing woolen garments whereas soaps cannot be used.
\n(v)\u00a0 Detergents having linear hydrocarbon chain are biodegradable.
\nDisadvantages of Detergents over Soaps : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i) Synthetic detergents having branched hydrocarbon chain are not fully biodegradable, i.e., they are not decomposed by micro-organisms in sewage and create water pollution.
\n(ii)\u00a0 They are more expensive than soaps. Let us take up differences between soaps and detergents.<\/p>\n

People also ask<\/strong><\/p>\n