{"id":1211,"date":"2023-04-19T10:00:19","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T04:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/?p=1211"},"modified":"2023-04-20T09:52:32","modified_gmt":"2023-04-20T04:22:32","slug":"properties-uses-ethanol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.aplustopper.com\/properties-uses-ethanol\/","title":{"rendered":"Properties and Uses of Ethanol"},"content":{"rendered":"

Properties and Uses of Ethanol<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Physical Properties of Ethanol : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i)\u00a0\u00a0 Pure ethanol is a colourless liquid.
\n(ii)\u00a0 It has a specific smell and burning taste
\n(iii) Its boiling point is 351 K which is higher than corresponding alkanes
\n(iv) It is soluble in water. i.e., it is miscible with water in all proportions.<\/p>\n

Chemical properties of Ethanol : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i)<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 Dehydration :<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Ethanol. when heated with Conc. H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> at 443 K or Al2<\/sub>O3<\/sub> at 623 K undergoes dehydration, i.e. loses water molecule to from alkene.
\n\"Properties
\n(ii)\u00a0 Reaction with Sodium :<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0Alcohols are very weakly acidic. Ethanol reacts with sodium metal to form sodium ethoxide and hydrogen gas.
\n\"Properties
\n(iii) Oxidation with Chromic anhydride (CrO3<\/sub>) :<\/span><\/strong>
\n\"Properties
\n(iv) Oxidation with alkaline KMnO4<\/sub> :<\/span><\/strong>
\n\"Properties
\n(v)\u00a0 Oxidation with acidified Potassium dichromate : <\/span><\/strong>Ethanol is oxidized to ethanoic acid with the help of acidified K2<\/sub>Cr2<\/sub>O7<\/sub>
\n\"Properties
\nDuring this reaction, orange colour of K2<\/sub>Cr2<\/sub>O7<\/sub> changes to green. Therefore, this reaction can be used for the identification of alcohols.
\n(vi) Esterification : <\/span><\/strong>Ethanol reacts with ethanoic acid in presence of concentrated H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> to form ethyl ethanoate and water. The compound formed by the reaction of an alcohol with carboxylic acid is known as ester and the reaction is called Esterification. Esters are sweet fruity smelling compounds because they occur in fruits. They are used in ice creams, cold drinks and perfumes. The reaction takes place as follows.
\n\"Properties
\nConc. H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> acts as dehydrating agent, i.e., it removes water formed otherwise ester formed will get hydrolysed.
\n(vii) Ethanol is highly inflammable liquid i.e., it catches fire very easily. It burns with blue flame in presence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.
\n\"Properties<\/p>\n

What is the use of ethanol?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Uses of Ethanol : <\/strong><\/span>
\n(i)\u00a0\u00a0 Ethanol is present in alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine, whisky.
\n(ii)\u00a0 Ethanol is used as antiseptic for sterilising wounds.
\n(iii) Ethanol is used incough syrups. digestive syrups and tonics.
\n(iv) Ethanol is being mixed with petrol and is used as motor fuel. This mixture is called power alcohol.
\n(v)\u00a0 A mixture of ethanol and water has lower freezing point than water. This mixture is known as antifreeze and is used in radiators of vehicles in cold countries and at hill stations.
\n(vi) Ethanol is used for preparation of chloroform, iodoform, ethanoic acid, ethanal, ethyl ethanoate etc.
\n(vii) Ethyl alcohol is used as hypnotic (induces sleep).<\/p>\n

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